UNIT-1
Personality Development
A. Reading: Attitude is Altitude
Nick Vujicic was born without limbs. Now he plays foot ball, golf, swimming and surfing. A small foot on his left hip helps him balance everything. He uses that to type, to write with a pen and pick things up between his toes. He calls it “my chicken drumstick”.
His mother took every care during her pregnancy but a rare medical problem, Phocomelia led to his birth without limbs. His father put him in the water at 18 months to learn swimming. Parents sent him to general school instead of special one to teach him the hurdles of life.
Disability, helplessness and co-students bullying all hurt him to commit suicide but fortunately failed.
When he was 13, he read a news paper article on disabled, realised the greatness of life. He said, “I realised why God made us like this – to give hope to others.” So then on wards he loved himself, he travelled around the world to inspire and fill hope among hopeless people.
Glossary:
Skateboard (n) : a short narrow board with small wheels at each end, which you stand on and ride as a sport
Surf (v) : to take part in the sport of riding on waves on a surfboard
Torso (n) : the main part of the body, not including the head, arms, or legs
Chicken drumstick (n) : the lower part of the leg of a chicken or other bird that is cooked and eaten as food
Club (n) : a heavy stick with one end thicker than the other
Propeller (n) : a device with two or more blades that turn quickly and cause a ship or an aircraft to move forward
Adversity (n) : a difficulty or unpleasant situation
Perseverance (n) : the quality of continuing to try to achieve a particular aim despite Difficulties
Idioms, Phrases and Phrasal Verbs
Kick down (phr.v) : strike forcibly with the foot
Medical explanation (phr): cause stated by medical science
Cruel trick (phr) : very sad and unfortunate thing happened by fate
Got into (phr.v) : started doing or enjoying something/ became involved in
Run over (phr.v.) : hit someone or something with something (a vehicle, challenge etc.) and drive over them Give me (somebody) the eye (idiom): look at someone in a way that communicates romantic interest
Freak out (phr.v.): Make someone upset / shock
Sped (speed) off (phr.v) : left (leave) quickly in a vehicle or on a bicycle
B. Reading:
Every Success Story is Also a Story of Great Failures
Failure is the highway to success. All the stories of success are also stories of great failures. Abraham Lincoln failed in business and all his elections. At last he became the President of USA. Lee De Forest was publicly humiliated for his future plans but his invention ‘triodes tube’ proved his capability. New York Times questioned the wisdom of Wright Brothers. Now we are able to travel by aeroplanes. Colonel Sanders knocked 1000 doors to get his first sales order. Cartoon movies pioneer Walt Disney was rejected by news paper editors. Successful people don’t do great things; they only do small things in a great way. Thomas Edison, Henry Ford, Beethoven proved their creativity. They failed many times but they bounced back every time. So learn from failures and keep moving.
Once Socrates taught a young boy the secret of success, “When you want success as badly as you breath, then you will get it.” A burning desire is the starting point of all accomplishment.
Glossary: B.
Reading
Overcome (v) : To defeat or succeed in controlling or dealing with something
Detour (n) : a road or route that is used when the usual one is closed
Triodes tube (n): A triode is an electronic amplification tube having three active electrodes.
Lee de Forest: an American inventor with over 180 patents to his credit. He invented the Auden, a vacuum tube that takes relatively weak electrical signals and amplifies them.
Fraudulent (adj) : intended to cheat someone, usually in order to make money illegally
Colonel Sanders: Colonel Harland David Sanders was an American businessman and restauranteur who founded the Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) chain restaurants
Beat-up (adj) : old and damaged
Walt Disney : an American animator, film producer, director, screenwriter, voice actor, entrepreneur, entertainer, international icon and philanthropist, well known for his influence in the field of entertainment during the 20th century.
Infest (v) : to exist in large numbers in a particular place, often causing damage or disease (especially of insects or animals such as rats)
Henry Ford : an American industrialist, the founder of the Ford Motor company, and sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production.
Lee Iacocca : an American Business man known for engineering the Ford Mustang and Ford Pinto cars. Ludwig van Beethoven: a German composer and pianist. He was a crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in Western art music.
Nepolian Hill :an American author in the area of the new thought movement who was one of the earliest producers of the modern genre of personal-success literature.
Conceive (n) : to form an idea, a plan, etc. in your mind; to imagine something
Socrates (469 BC - 399 BC): a classical Greek Athenian philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western Philosophy.
Ducked (v) : to push somebody under water and hold them there for a short time
Cinch (n) : a thing that is certain to happen
Outclassed (v) : to be much better than someone you are competing against
Idioms, Phrases and Phrasal Verbs
Bounced back (phr.v) : recovered quickly after a defeat or a failure / improved / started to be successful again after a failure
The driving force (idiom): a person or a thing that motivates or directs someone
Turning blue (idiom) : becoming exhausted
I Will Do It
N.R. Narayanamurthy is a pioneer of India’s software industry, and started Information Technology wave.
Narayanamurthy came from a poor family. He passed the IIT entrance with a high rank. But his financial status did not allow him to join IIT. Then he decided to prove himself. Later he worked hard and proved that a person can become great without help of any caste, community or political connections. He founded the Infosys, a leading IT company in the world. He created the wealth and gave opportunity to many. He really believes ‘Powered by intellect and driven by values’.
Glossary
Man dap (n): a raised platform
D-Day (n) : a date on which something important is expected to happen. (From the name given to June 6, 1944, the day on which the U.S., British, and other armies landed on the beaches of northern France in the Second World War.)
Icon (n) : a famous person or thing that people admire and see as a symbol of a particular idea, way of life, etc
Philanthropist (n): One who devotes his service or wealth for the love of mankind
Phrasal Verbs
set in (phr.v) : begin/ start
Synonyms
Propel : drive, force, impel, push, urge
Adversity : hardship, difficulty, danger, misfortune
Perseverance : insistence, firmness, determination
Overcome : beat, choke, conquer, crush, defeat
Gasp : catch, clash, seize, hold
Aspiration : aim, ambition, craving, longing
Jealousy : covetous, envious, suspicious
Antonyms
Adversity x prosperity
Triumph x defeat
Strengthen x weaken
Humility x arrogance
Introvert x extrovert
Summative Assessment Paper-1 13E
Time: 2 Hours 45 Minutes, Marks: 40
Section – A:
Reading Comprehension
(Questions 1-7): Read the following excerpt from “Attitude is Altitude”.
Nick began travelling the world and in 2008 he went to Hawaii and met surfing master Bethany Hamilton, who had her arm bitten off by a shark when she was 12.
‘She was amazing’, said Nick. ‘She taught me how to surf and I was terrified at first, but once I got up there it felt absolutely fantastic and I caught some waves pretty well.’ Nick quickly learned how to do the 360 degree spins on his board – a feat that got him on the cover of Surfer magazine within 48 hours. ‘No one has ever done that in the history of surfing’, he said. ‘But I have a very low centre of gravity so I’ve got pretty good balance.’
He has visited different countries all over the world. The football fan is now a motivational speaker and has travelled to over 24 countries speaking to groups of up to 110,000 people.
He moved to Los Angeles two years ago and plans to continue to travel the world – this year he will visit South America and the Middle East.
“If I fail, I try again, and again, and again. If you fail, are you going to try again? The human spirit can handle much worse than we realize. It matters how you are going to finish. Are you going to finish strong?” said Nick.
‘I tell people to keep on getting up when they fall and to always love themselves,’ he said. ‘If I can encourage just one person then my job in this life is done.’
Now, answer the following questions. Each question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet. (4x1=4 marks)
- Why did he go to Hawaii?
A. to encourage youth
B. to play foot ball
C. to create surfing record
D. to meet surfing master, Bethany Hamilton - What Nick tells to the people?
A. to keep on getting up when they fall
B. my job in this life is done
C. human spirit can handle
D. visit different countries - ‘Always love themselves’ means…
A. always love others
B. always love parents
C. love oneself
D. love each other -
Why is he visiting other countries?
A. to earn money
B. to instill confidence among the people
C. to play football and surfing
D. to learn different things
Answer the following questions in two or three sentences. (3x2=6 marks) - Who is Bethany Hamilton? What happened to her?
- “No one has ever done that in the history of surfing”. What was that?
-
Which aspect of Nick’s physical condition helped him to do 360 degree spin?
(Questions 8-12): Read the following passage.
A young man asked Socrates the secret to success. Socrates told the young man to meet him near the river the next morning. They met. Socrates asked the young man to walk with him toward the river. When the water got up to their neck, Socrates took the young man by surprise and ducked him into the water. The boy struggled to get out but Socrates was strong and kept him there until the boy started turning blue. Socrates pulled his head out of the water and the first thing the young man did was to gasp and take a deep breath of air. Socrates asked, “What did you want the most when you were there?” The boy replied, “Air.” Socrates said, “That is the secret to success. When you want success as badly as you wanted the air, then you will get it.” There is no other secret.
Now, answer the following questions. Each question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet. (3x1=3 marks)
- What the Youngman asked Socrates?
A. how to take a deep breath
B. the secret to success
C. ducking in the river
D. how to become strong - What was the immediate thing the young man did after his head out of water?
A. realised the secret
B. took a deep breath of air
C. ducking Socrates into the river
D. replying Socrates - What is the meaning of the word ‘gasp’?
A. stops drinking water
B. stopped turning blue
C. to learn
D. draw in breath suddenly
Write answers for the given questions in one or two sentences (2x1=2 marks) - What is the secret to Success?
-
Why Socrates told the young man to meet him near the river?
Section-B:
Vocabulary and Grammar
(Questions 13-17): Read the passage carefully. Each number (13-17) indicates some error in the sentence. Edit the passage by making necessary changes in each sentence. (Personality traits)
Ours is a small colony in Hyderabad. There are different people in the colony. Ashok is a very unpleasant and rude fellow. I don’t talk to him. (13)He is suave. Srinu is very confident, elegant and polite. But sometimes he does not appear to be sincere. (14) He is obnoxious. Sujatha is quiet and calm. She doesn’t like to spend time with others. She is interested in her thoughts and feelings. (15)So she is a compassionate. Ramesh is very sensitive. He always shows sympathy for people who are suffering. (16) He is introvert. Prem is an extremely unpleasant person. He always tries to offend people. (17) He is boorish. Any how our colony is the best.
(Questions 18-22): Complete the passage choosing the right word from those given below it. Each blank is numbered and for each blank has four choices (A), (B), (C) or (D) given. Choose the correct answer from these choices and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet. (5x1=5 marks)
He was short. He was sharp. He was the …………….. (18) Boy in his class. His seniors used to ask him to solve their difficulties in science. He could have ……………(19) unnoticed in a crowd, but once you asked him a question related to Physics or Maths, there was a spark in his eyes. He could grasp theories of science faster ……………………….. (20) the speed of light.
He came from a poor but educated family. His father was a high-school teacher and an avid reader of English literature. He, like all the boys in his class, was trying to get admission …………………… (21) some engineering college. The brighter ones wanted to study in the Indian Institutes of Technology or the IITs. There was an entrance test ………………… (22) IIT. This boy, along with his friends, applied to appear for the test.
18.
A. bright
B. brighter
C. brightest
D. more bright
19.
A. go
B. went
C. going
D. gone
20.
A. than
B. to
C. of
D. from
21.
A. in
B. to
C. into
D. off
22.
A. for
B. to
C. of
D. from
Section C:
Creative Writing (Discourses)
(Question 23): Read the passage given below.
An elderly carpenter was ready to retire. He told his employer-contractor of his plans to leave the house-building business to live a more leisurely life with his wife and enjoy his extended family. He would miss the pay check each week, but he wanted to retire. They could get by.
The contractor was sorry to see his good worker go and asked if he could build just one more house as a personal favour. The carpenter agreed. But over time it was easy to see that his heart was not in his work. He resorted to shoddy workmanship and used inferior materials. It was an unfortunate way to end a dedicated career.
When the carpenter finished his work, his employer came to inspect the house. Then he handed the front-door key to the carpenter and said, “This is your house… my gift to you.”” The carpenter was shocked!
What a shame! If he had only known that he was building his own house, he would have done it all so differently.
So it is with us. We build our lives, a day at a time, often putting less than our best into the building. Then, with a shock, we realize we have to live in the house we have built. If we could do it over, we would do it much differently.
But, you cannot go back. You are the carpenter, and every day you hammer a nail, place a board, or erect a wall. Someone once said, “Life is a do-it-yourself project.” Your attitudes, and the choices you make today, help build the “house” you will live in tomorrow. Therefore, build wisely!
Write the story as one act play. (10 marks)
Or
Write the same story with different ending.
(Question 24): Prepare a notice on “cleanliness” in your school to create awareness.
(5 marks)
Paper –I Answers
Section-A:
- -D
- -A
- -C
- -B
- Bethany Hamilton is a Surfing Master. Her arm was bitten by a shark when she was 12. She taught Nick surfing.
- Nick learnt surfing and made 360 degrees spin on the board. Learning and doing the feet within 48 hours is a record.
- He has a very low centre of gravity. So it helped him to do 360 degrees spin easily.
- -B
- -B
- -D
- When anyone wants success as badly as he wanted the air, then he will get it.
-
To teach the young man practically about the secret to success.
Section-B:
- He is boorish
- He is suave
- So she is an introvert
- He is compassionate
- He is obnoxious.
- C
- D
- A
- C
-
A
Section-C:
- Life is a do-it-yourself project (One act play)
1. Carpenter: Krishnaiah
2. Contractor: Narasimha
(When the curtain rises carpenter is standing at his boss (contractor’s) table)
Krishnaiah : Good morning Sir.
Narasimha : Oh! Good morning Krishnaiah. What happened? Do you want money?
Krishnaiah : No Sir. But… I have one thing to tell you. I need your permission.
Narasimha : What is that? You are a good carpenter. You worked entire service for this company. Common ask me, what do you want.
Krishnaiah : Sir, I became old. So I want to retire from the work. I would like to spend the life leisurely with family.
Narasimha : OK! It’s all right. But you do a small favour for me. Build just one more house.
Krishnaiah : OK Sir. (Leaves the office. He works half heartedly. He builds very low quality house. He comes back to the boss)
Krishnaiah : Sir, here are the keys of a new house.
Narasimha : Keep the keys with you Krishnaiah. This house is gift to you from our company. You may take retirement now. All the best!
Krishnaiah : Sir! (Felt ashamed. He built his own house without quality.)
Carpenter’s Honesty (Story with different ending)
An elderly carpenter was working in a house building company. He wanted to retire from the work. He told the contractor about his decision.
The contractor asked to build last house as a personal favour. Carpenter felt happy, because contractor agreed for his retirement. He did not order him to continue. He only requested to build a house as a personal favour.
So carpenter used his total creativity to build a house. He used superior material. He wished it should be a memory to his boss. After completion he handed over the house keys to the boss.
The boss returned the keys and said “This is a small gift to you from our company. Take the keys. This house is yours, all the best!”
Carpenter’s honesty got its reward.
Summative Assessment Paper-II 14E
Time: 2 Hours 45 Minutes, Marks: 40
Section – A:
Reading Comprehension
(Questions 1-7): Read the following passage.
There was a miser who constantly worried that his many valuable possessions would be lost or stolen. He finally decided to sell everything and taking the proceeds from the sale, converted it all into a large single lump of solid gold. Unable to bear the thought of losing such a great treasure, he carefully buried it in a hole in the ground, near the compound wall. He would undertake a daily visit to the spot, uncover the gold, rejoice over it and then replace it in the hole.
A thief observed it. As soon as the miser had left the spot, one evening, the thief quietly went over and dug up the gold. Elated at finding the gold, he quickly disappeared with the gold. The next day the miser in his usual manner went to look at his gold but found nothing. He shocked and distressed, he began crying loudly. A neighbour of his house came there. He said, ‘Don’t worry. Just put a stone in the hole and feel it as gold. The gold in a hole is as useless as a stone.”
Now, answer the following questions. Each question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet. (4x1=4 marks)
- What is the passage about?
A. about stealing gold
B. about saving gold
C. miserliness
D. about valuable possessions - He constantly worried. Why?
A. that his possessions would be stolen
B. that government tax on treasure
C. because valuable things always dangerous
D. because he wants to become poor - Thief elated at finding the gold. The word ‘elated’ means..
A. surprised
B. felt happy
C. terrified
D. fainted - Why the miser shocked and distressed?
A. because his neighbour taken the money
B. because he converted his all possession to a single sump of gold
C. because his gold lump was stolen
D. because his gold turned to stone
Answer the following questions in two or three sentences. (3x2=6 marks) - If you have such valuable things what would you do?
- Why the miser converted all his treasure to a single lump of solid gold?
- In your view what is the wrong on miser’s part?
Questions 8-12): Read the following Poem.
Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high
Where knowledge is free
Where the world has not been broken up into fragments
By narrow domestic walls
Where words come out from the depth of truth
Where tireless striving stretches its arms towards perfection
Where the clear stream of reason has not lost its way
Into the dreary desert sand of dead habit
Where the mind is led forward by thee
Into ever-widening thought and action
Into that heaven of freedom, my father, let my country awake.
- Rabindranath Tagore
Now, answer the following questions. Each question has four choices. Choose the correct answer and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet. (3x1=3 marks) - ‘Mt father, let my country awake.’ Who is referred as father here?
A. Father of the nation
B. God
C. His own father
D. President of India - According to poet, What are domestic walls?
A. Communal feelings
B. Religious feelings
C. Regional feelings
D. All of the above -
“Dreary desert sand of dead habit.” What do these words mean?
A. Age old dead customs
B. Bad habits
C. Dry sand deserts
D. Deforestation
Write answers for the given questions in one or two sentences (2x1=2 marks) - What kind of place does the poet want his country to be?
-
Do you agree with the poet’s feelings? Why?
Section-B:
Vocabulary and Grammar
(Questions 13-17): Read the following passage given below focusing on the underlined parts and answer the questions given at the end as directed. (5x1=5 marks)
His parents decided not to send him to a special school – a decision he said was very hard for him, but which may have been the best decision they could have made for him.
When Nick was born his father was so shocked that he left the hospital room to vomit. His distraught (13) mother couldn’t bring herself to hold his until he was four months old.
His disability came without any medical explanation – a rare (14) occurrence called Phocomelia – and Nick and his parents spent many years asking why this cruel trick would happen to them. ‘My mother was a nurse and she did everything (15) right during pregnancy but she still blamed herself,’ he said.
‘It was so hard for them but right from the start they did their best to make me independent.’ ‘My dad put (16) me in the water at 18 months and gave the courage to learn how to swim.’
‘I also got really into football (17) and skateboarding. I totally love the English Premier League.’
- Choose an appropriate meaning from the given options.
A. worried and upset
B. enthusiastic
C. nurse
D. very happy - Choose the adverb form from the given options.
A. rarest
B. more rare
C. rarely
D. raring - Choose an appropriate antonym from the given options.
A. anything
B. nothing
C. something
D. fewthing - Choose the correct base form (V1).
A. put
B. putted
C. putten
D. pat - Meaning of the expression ‘got really into football’.
A. entered
B. try to learn
C. watching
D. encourage
(Questions 18-22): Complete the passage choosing the right word from those given below it. Each blank is numbered and for each blank has four choices (A), (B), (C) or (D) given. Choose the correct answer from these choices and write (A), (B), (C) or (D) in your answer booklet. (5x1=5 marks)
I took off my black coat, white shirt and not-so-white vest and hung them up. I opened the two windows …… (18) The room. It was an outer room with one wall facing the open yard. It had a tiled roof with long supporting gables that rested on the beam …….. (19) the wall. There was no ceiling. There was a regular traffic of rats to and ….. the beam. I …… (20) my bed and pulled it close to the wall. I lay down ….. (22) I could not sleep. I got up and went out to the veranda for a little air, but the wind god seemed to have taken time off.
18.
(A) in
(B) on
(C) of
(D) to
19.
(A) about
(B) on
(C) of
(D) over
20.
(A) above
(B) on
(C) from
(D) to
21.
(A) make
(B) did make
(C) made
(D) did made
22.
(A) and
(B) although
(C) in spite
(D) but
Section C:
Creative Writing (Discourses)
(Question 23): Write a biography of any ‘great scientist’. (10 marks)
Or
Prepare a speech on ‘Personality Development’.
(Question 24): Prepare an invitation card for coming “Independence Day Celebrations”
to be held at your school. (5 marks)
Paper-II Answers
Section-A
- -C
- A
- B
- -C
- I would have spent the treasure to live happily. I would spend some part of the amount in business and remaining in social service.
- He worried that his many valuable possessions would be lost or stolen. So he converted them to keep safe.
- Things are made to use, not to bury. He did not utilize his possessions to live happily.
- B
- D
- A
- The poet wants his country to be a heaven of freedom where people are honest, truthful and hard working.
-
Yes, I completely agree with Tagore. We should work hard, follow truth and reason. All are equal. We should not show any discrimination.
Section-B
- A
- C
- B
- A
- A
- A
- D
- C
- C
-
D
Section-C
- Stephen William Hawking (Biography of a scientist) Stephen William Hawking was born in Oxford, England on 8th January, 1942. After schooling, Stephen joined University College, Oxford and studied Physics. After obtaining a first class degree in Natural Sciences, he went to Cambridge to do research. Since 1979, he has held the post of professor of Mathematics.
At the age of 17, Stephen started noticing that he was becoming increasingly clumsy and even fell down a couple of times, for no reason. Shortly after his 21st birthday, he was taken to hospital and made to undergo a number of tests. He was shocked, when he realized he had an incurable disease, a type of sclerosis, which weakened his muscles. The doctors predicted an early death for him. He continued his research. He thought that he might not live for long and that his Ph.D. would never be completed. However he finished it.
As his scientific reputation increased, his disability got worse. Even feeding himself and getting in and out of bed became difficult. In 1980, he had to rely upon nurses. In 1985 he underwent an operation in the wind- pipe. After this, he needed 24 hours nursing care. Before the operation, his speech was not clear, but at least he could communicate. But the operation distanced him from his ability to speak altogether. However, a computer programme specially devised for him, helped him communicate. Using this programme, a book has been written, and dozens of scientific papers have been presented. Many scientific talks have also been given. He was awarded medals and prizes. He has twelve honorary degrees to his credit.
Stephen Hawking’s life long illness has not prevented him from having a very happy life, and being successful in his work. He continues his research in Physics. He has been travelling and delivering public lectures.
From the life of Stephen Hawking, it is understood that one need not lose hope. His life is an example that disability need not prevent one from reaching great heights.
Personality Development (Speech)
Good morning Teachers and My dear friends, To day I am going to talk about an interesting topic ‘Personality Development’.
Our thoughts and deeds become our personality. If we develop these in right direction they make us successful people. Every individual in the world is equal. But few people ¬always feel inferior and fail in their life. Everyone gets obstacles in life. We have to overcome the obstacles with our confidence.
Positive attitude makes us winners. Be positive learn everyday a new thing. Dream big, choose a high ambition in life. Try to achieve that. Read good books, meet successful people. Respect elders. Follow truth and honesty. One day success comes to you. Use your brain, think innovatively. Take everything as opportunity. Learn from failures, because failures are the stepping stones to success. Discipline is the great value. Follow it. Improve your skills. Maintain good human relations. Smile in every situation. Definitely you will get success.
Thanking you for giving this opportunity.
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