Engineering Careers

A dual degree course is where you get two degree at the end of the course. The two degrees can be offered by two different institutes (for instance, M. Tech + MS where one degree is offered by Indian institute and one by a foreign institute) or by the same institute. Sometimes the two degrees can be of two different streams (B. Tech + MBA). And in some cases, the two degrees are of two different levels (PG Diploma+ Master’s).

In an integrated course, the curriculum of two courses is combined. Usually, in this kind of courses, you can save some amount of academic period. For instance B. Tech followed by M. Tech spans six years. But if it is an integrated course, you finish it in five years.

In India, we have dual degree courses, integrated courses and also a combination of them. Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad offers five-year Integrated Dual degree programmes, B. Tech + M. Tech and B. Tech + MBA. The eligibility criterion is +2 with Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry.
For details, log on to  www.jntu.ac.in

Recently Blekinge Institute of Technology (BIT), Sweden signed a Memorandum of Understanding with JNTU-Hyderabad and JNTU- Kakinada to offer five-year integrated courses in subjects like Software Engineering, Computer Science Engineering, Radio Communication, Signal Processing and Telecommunication Systems.

Students enrolling themselves for this programme in JNTU-K will be awarded B. Tech degree from JNTU-K and M. Sc degree from BIT. And students enrolling in JNTU-H will be awarded B. Tech and M. Tech degree from the university and M. Sc degree from BIT.

Under this programme a student has to study three-and-half-years in JNTU Hyderabad or JNTU Kakinada and the remaining one-and-half-years at BIT. The eligibility criterion is +2. The admission is based on performance at entrance test.

Andhra University, Visakhapatnam also offers five years integrated dual degree B. Tech + MBA programmes.
For details, log on to  www.andhrauniversity.info

Given below are some of the institutes that offer M. Tech in Energy Management:
School of Energy and Environmental Studies, Devi Ahilya Vishvavidyalaya, Indore offers M. Tech in Energy Management. The eligibility criterion is BE/ B. Tech/ M. Sc (Physics) or equivalent, Engineering Association Examination with minimum 55 per cent marks. The admission is based on marks obtained in the qualifying examination, GATE score and performance at interview.
For details, log on to  www.dauniv.ac.in

Allahabad Agricultural Institute Deemed University, Allahabad offers M. Tech. Energy Management. The eligibility criterion is B. Tech in Agricultural/ Mechanical Engineering or a related field.
For details, log on to  www.aaidu.org

Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Jammu and Kashmir state offers Master of Technology in Energy Management. The eligibility criterion is a bachelor’s degree in Architecture, Chemical, Electrical or Mechanical Engineering or Master’s degree in Physics, Chemistry or Mathematics with minimum 60 per cent marks. The admission is based on performance at written test and interview.
For details, log on to  www.smvdu.ac.in

Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi also offers the course.
For details, log on to  www.iitd.ac.in

The study of Industrial and Production Engineering constitutes topics like operations management, production and manufacturing engineering. Professionals in this field deal not just with manufacturing machines and procedures but also with related people, knowledge, material and finances.

After completion of a course in Industrial and Production Engineering, candidates can seek employment in manufacturing and engineering companies. The industry can be any industry that is connected to manufacturing; it can be automobile, aeronautical, shipbuilding, instrumentation, agriculture or construction industry.

Some roles the professionals in this field can assume are Production Engineer, Safety Engineer, Quality Control Engineer, Plant Engineer, Manufacturing Engineer or Process Engineer.

College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad offers BE in Production Engineering. The eligibility criterion is +2 with Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry. Admission is based on performance at entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.osmania.ac.in

In Andhra Pradesh, there are a few institutes that offer Industrial/ Production Engineering at B. Tech level. Industrial and Production engineering is a specialized area under mechanical engineering. So you can also pursue this branch by opting for mechanical engineering at B. Tech level and then Industrial and Production Engineering at M. Tech level. Some of the institutes that offer B. Tech in Mechanical Engineering are:

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad (www.jntuh.ac.in )

Andhra University, Visakhapatnam (www.andhrauniversity.info)

Some of the institutes that offer M. Tech in Industrial/ Production Engineering are:
Osmania University, Hyderabad offers M. Tech with Production Engineering as specialization.

JNTU, Hyderabad offers M. Tech in Industrial Engineering and Management as specialization.

Admissions to these programmes are based on performance at GATE/ entrance test. For details, log on to the websites of the universities.

The following are the details of institutes that offer Bachelor’s degree courses in Agriculture:
College of Agricultural Engineering, Bapatla, College of Agricultural Engineering, Madkasira and College of Agricultural Engineering, Sangareddy offer B. Tech in Agricultural Engineering. The eligibility criterion is Intermediate with Physical Sciences and Mathematics. These colleges are affiliated to ANGRAU.

Acharya NG Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad offers four-year B. Sc in Agriculture. The eligibility criterion is Intermediate with M.P.C or Bi.P.C. Admission is based on performance at entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.angrau.net

Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu offers B. Tech in Agricultural Information Technology. The eligibility criterion is +2. Admission is based on performance at entrance test. The university offers B. Sc in Agriculture also.
For details, log on to  www.tnau.ac.in

After the completion of the course you can find employment in government organizations and PSUs. You can assume roles as a Scientist in Government research organizations or Agriculture officer, Agriculture Inspector etc. The Agriculture Scientist Recruitment Board, ICAR, New Delhi conducts examinations for aspiring scientists. Krishi Vigyan Kendras, offer roles like Training Organisers, Associates and Assistants. Civil Services is another challenging option. In banks, you can do roles like Rural Development Officers and Agricultural Finance Officers.

Coming to opportunities in private sector, you can work as a Scientist in R&D departments of private seed companies or as Marketing Executive in a private seed/ pesticide company. If you are interested in pedagogy, you can teach in agriculture universities. Lecturer, Reader, Assistant Professor and Associate Professor are some of the openings you can look forward to.

An embedded system is a system with specific functionality within a larger system. Processors, telephone switches, mobile phones, routers DVD players and videogame consoles are some examples of embedded systems. Professionals in this field are involved in design, development and integration of embedded systems.

The following are institutes offering the subject as a specialization in M. Tech/ M. Sc Programmes:
VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Andhra Pradesh offers M. Tech in Embedded Systems. The admission is based on GATE percentile. The selection of non-GATE candidates (in case there are no sufficient qualified GATE applicants) is based on performance in the interview.
For details, log on to  www.vnrvjiet.ac.in

IIIT, Hyderabad offers M. Tech VLSI and Embedded Systems. The eligibility criterion is B. Tech / B.E (ECE). The admission is based on performance at entrance test and interview.
For details, log on to  www.iiit.ac.in

Osmania University, Hyderabad offers M. Sc in Electronics and Applied electronics. The eligibility criterion is graduation with Electronics and Mathematics as subjects. The admission is based on performance at entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.osmania.ac.in

Andhra University, Visakhapatnam offers M. Sc (Tech) in Electronics and Instrumentation. The eligibility criterion is B. Sc with Mathematics and a subject from Electronics/ Physics/ Statistics/ Computer Science/ Computer Applications/ Chemistry. The admission is based on performance at entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.andhrauniversity.edu.in

College of Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad offers integrated programmes - B. Tech along with M.Tech or MBA. The eligibility criterion for these programmes is 10+2. Admission is based on performance in the entrance test. The duration of these programmes is five years.

The specialisations offered are Civil Engineering, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electronics and Communications Engineering, and Computer Science and Engineering.
For details, log on to jntuhceh.org/

College of Engineering, Andhra University, Vishakapatnam offers integrated MS programmes in Engineering. The specialisations offered are Software Engineering, Information Technology, Chemical Engineering, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Civil Engineering. The Eligibility criterion for these programmes is Intermediate or equivalent. Admission is based on performance in entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.andhrauniversity.edu.in

Indian Engineering Service comprises of engineers who take up the technical management in sectors like railways, military, public works, telecommunications and power.

The recruitment to this is based on the merit obtained in the competitive examination- Engineering Services Examination, conducted by the Union Public Service Commission. The recruitment is made under the categories of Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering.

The notification will be released in the month of January/ February. The examination is conducted in June. The age of the candidate must be between 21-30 years on 1st August of the year of Examination. The eligibility criterion is a degree in Engineering from a recognised university or equivalent. M.Sc. degree or its equivalent with Wireless Communications, Electronics, Radio Physics or Radio Engineering as special subjects is also acceptable for certain Services/posts.

The recruitment process involves two steps the written examination and personality test. The written examination carries 1000 marks and comprises of five papers. Paper –I is a general ability test which tests the candidate in the areas of English and general studies. It carries 200 marks. Paper II and III are in the relevant engineering subject and carry 200 marks each. Papers I, II and III are objective in type. Papers- IV and V are in conventional type and carry 200 marks each. They deal with the relevant discipline of engineering.

Personality Test carries 200 marks and the candidates must clear the written examination to be called for this. Personality test assesses qualities like leadership qualities, social skills, zeal to learn and mental fitness.
For further details, log on to  www.upsc.gov.in

Mechanical Engineering covers a wide range of subjects related to electrical, electronics and computer science engineering. Therefore, at postgraduate level, mechanical engineers are provided several specialisations, some of which are niche areas under mechanical engineering and some come under multidisciplinary science. Given below are some of the options:

Robotics: Robotics is an interdisciplinary science of mechanical, electronics, electrical, instrumentation and software engineering. The subject is studied through specialisations like Robotics, Mechatronics and Artificial Intelligence. Robotics engineers are hired by industries like electronics, electrical, manufacturing, instrumentation, defence, aerospace, automobile, robotics, tool design and aviation.

Andhra University, Visakhapatnam (www.andhrauniversity.info) offers M.Tech in Computer Science and Technology with Artificial Intelligence and Robotics as specialisation.

CAD/ CAM: Computer Aided Designing (CAD) deals with using computer technology for designing tools, machinery and buildings. Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) is about controlling machinery with the aid of computers for the purpose of manufacture.

Osmania University, Hyderabad offers M.Tech in Mechanical Engineering with CAD/ CAM as specialisation.
For details, log on to  www.osmania.ac.in

Industrial Automation: Industrial automation is all about using control systems to automate industrial machinery and processes, for increased productivity, quality, cost and consistency of the output, and optimal usage of resources. Control systems are usually a combination of mechanical, electrical, electronics and computer technologies.

Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum (vtu.ac.in) offers M.Tech in Industrial Automation and Robotics.

Automobile Engineering: Automobile engineering includes designing vehicles, manufacturing components, assembling them, testing vehicles for safety, and repairing and maintaining them.

Anna University, Chennai (www.annauniv.edu ) offers ME in Automobile Engineering.

Metallurgy engineering deals with extraction, processing or trade of metals. Metallurgical engineers find employment in government, public and private.

College of Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad offers B.Tech. in Metallurgical Engineering. The eligibility criterion is Intermediate with Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry. Admission is based on performance in entrance test.
For details, log on to jntuhceh.org/

National Institute of Technology, Warangal offers B.Tech. in Metallurgical Engineering. The eligibility criterion is 10+2 with Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry. Admission is based on performance in Joint Entrance Examination.
For details, log on to www.nitw.ac.in/

Some examples of organisations that hire metallurgical engineers are Tata Steel, SAIL, NALCO, Sponge Iron India Limited, Hindustan Copper Ltd, NTPC, State Electricity Board, DMRC, ISRO, DRDO and Railways. These organisations hire fresh graduates for their entry-level positions whenever there is requirement. Most of them notify about the openings in national dailies and employment news. Their selection processes vary. Typically, they include entrance examination and interview. For more details, visit their websites. Some common roles in the field are Safety engineer, Welding engineer, Quality planning engineer, Plant equipment engineer, Researcher and Consultant.

The field of metallurgy offers bright career prospects in the area of research also. For instance, organisations like BDL and ISRO carry out research on metals. The career of a metallurgical engineering is both challenging and lucrative.

To improve your career prospects you should maintain consistent academic record. So study hard and perform well in your exams. The recruitment process usually includes written test. So practice taking competitive tests. Do not limit your studies to your syllabus. Go beyond it and acquire as much knowledge as you can. Read relevant material on the Internet and journals. Another important factor that determines your success is communication skills. So work on them right from now.

Environmental engineering deals with different aspects of conserving the environment. Postgraduate courses in this subject cover topics like pollution control, waste management, environmental planning, modelling of air and water quality, and biotechnology. The following are some of the institutes that offer M.Sc programmes in the subject:

Osmania University, Hyderabad offers the course. The eligibility criterion is graduation in relevant discipline. The admission is based on performance at entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.osmania.ac.in

Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi offers the course. The eligibility criterion is B.Sc Chemistry. The admission is based on performance at entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.svuniversity.in

Andhra University, Visakhapatnam also offers the course. The eligibility criterion is B.Sc with Chemistry and any two subjects from Life Sciences subjects/ BEM, B.Sc (Agriculture)/ B.Sc Vocational with Food Sciences and quality control. The admission is based on performance at entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.andhrauniversity.info

If you are interested in doing the course in distance mode, Dr.B.R. Ambedkar Open University, Hyderabad offers M.Sc in Environmental Science. The eligibility criterion is graduation in Science.
For details, log on to  www.braou.ac.in

The study of Environmental Science is to make aware the matters of environment clubbed with the process of preservation and proper utilisation of the environment.

Environmental science graduates can work with a variety of industries like automobile, food processing, agriculture, fertilizers, textile, mining, pharmaceutical and chemical. They can also work with government organisations and NGOs that are into Forest and Environment protection, Pollution Control, Urban planning and Water conservation. Research prospects are also bright in this field. Media houses and educational institutions are some more options.

Geotechnical engineering is a branch of Civil Engineering that deals with materials of Earth like soil and rock. Geotechnical engineers explore the use of such material mixed with concrete, steel and likewise, for the purpose of construction of dams, landfills, tunnels etc. Some of the subjects studied in the course include soil dynamics and earthquake engineering and machine foundations, soil stabilisation, reinforced earth, geo-synthetics, environmental geo-technique and waste disposal, unsaturated soil mechanics and rock mechanics.

Here are the details of a few institutes that offer the course:
Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Madras offers M.Tech in Geotechnical Engineering. The eligibility criterion is BE/ B.Tech in relevant subject. Admission is based on performance in GATE.
For details, log on to www.civil.iitm.ac.in

West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata (www.wbut.ac.in) and University of Calicut, Calicut (www.universityofcalicut.info/ ) also offer the course.
For details, log on to their websites.

Industrial biotechnology is application of biotechnology for industrial purposes. It includes techniques that use cells for production of industrially useful products like paints, chemicals, detergents, food, paper, biofuels and textiles.

SASTRA University, Tamil Nadu offers M.Tech in Industrial Biotechnology. The eligibility criterion for the programme is BE/ B.Tech in relevant discipline. Admission is based on performance in entrance test.
For details, log on to www.sastra.edu/

Manipal University (www.manipal.edu), Manipal offers M.Tech in Industrial Biotechnology. Some of the subjects covered in the course are bioprocess engineering, molecular biology and DNA technology, bioreactor design and analysis, biofuel engineering, immunotechnology, solid waste management, biopolymer technology and bio-nanotechnology. The eligibility criterion is BE/B.Tech in relevant discipline. Admission is based on performance at entrance test.

Dr. M.G.R. University, Chennai, offers the course. Candidates with an M.Sc in Biotechnology, Botany, Zoology, Microbiology, Biochemistry or any of Life Science oriented subjects; 4-year professional courses such as B.Tech. Biotechnology, Industrial Biotechnology, Chemical Engineering, B.Pharm. B.V.Sc. or M.B.B.S. or Agriculture, are eligible to pursue this course. Admission is based on performance in entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.drmgrdu.ac.in.

Genetic engineering is deliberate manipulation of genes to alter the characteristics or behaviour of organisms. The genetic code is altered to enhance, suppress or induce specific traits or behaviour. Genetic Engineering is a specialisation under a broader field Biotechnology. It finds application to several fields like medicine, drug development, food processing, agriculture and animal husbandry.

Genetic engineering as a B.Tech. specialisation is available in a few institutes. However, you can opt for B.Tech. in Biotechnology, which covers Genetic Engineering.

SRM University, Tamil Nadu offers B.Tech in Genetic Engineering. The eligibility criterion is Intermediate with Physics, Chemistry and Biology. The admission is based on performance at entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.srmuniv.ac.in

The following are some of the institutes that offer the Biotechnology course:
Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad offers B.Tech. in Biotechnology. The eligibility criterion is +2. Admission is based on marks obtained in qualifying examination and performance at EAMCET.
For details, log on to  www.cbit.ac.in

College of Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam offers B.Tech. in Biotechnology. The eligibility criterion is +2. Admission is based on marks obtained in qualifying examination and performance at EAMCET.
For details, log on to  www.andhrauniversity.info

IIT Guwahati offers B.Tech. in Biotechnology. The eligibility criterion is B.Tech. in Biotechnology. The eligibility criterion is +2 with at least 60 per cent marks. Admission is based on performance at IIT-JEE.
For details, log on to  www.iitg.ac.in

IIT Roorkee also offers the course.
For details, log on to  www.iitr.ac.in

IIT Kharagpur offers B.Tech. in Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering.
For details, log on to  www.iitkgp.ac.in

Nanoelectronics deals with electrically charged components of size measured on nanoscale. It involves study of inter-atomic activity. Given below are the details of some institutes that offer courses Nanoelectronics:
SASTRA University, Thanjavur offers M.Tech in Nanoelectronics. The eligibility criterion is BE/ B.Tech in electronics engineering. Admission is based on marks obtained in the qualifying examination/ performance in entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.sastra.edu

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Anantapur offers M.Tech with Micro and Nano Electronics as specialisation. The eligibility criterion is B.Tech in a relevant subject. Admission is based on performance in entrance test.
For details, log on to jntua.ac.in/

After the completion of the course, you can assume roles such as scientist, research officer, research associate or research lead and work in research organisations, government departments, universities and so on.

College of Agricultural Engineering, Bapatla, College of Agricultural Engineering, Madkasira , and College of Agriucltural Engineering, Sangareddy, the constituent colleges of Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad offer B.Tech in Agricultural Engineering. The eligibility criterion is Intermediate with Physical Sciences and Mathematics. Admission is based on performance at entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.angrau.net

After the completion of the course you can find employment in government organisations and PSUs. You can assume roles as a Scientist in Government research organisations or Agriculture officer, Agriculture Inspector etc. The Agriculture Scientist Recruitment Board, ICAR, New Delhi conducts examinations for aspiring scientists. Krishi Vigyan Kendras, offer roles like Training Organisers, Associates and Assistants. Civil Services is another challenging option. In banks, you can don roles like Rural Development Officers and Agricultural Finance Officers.

Coming to opportunities in private sector, you can work as a Scientist in R&D departments of private seed companies or as Marketing Executive in a private seed/ pesticide company. If you are interested in pedagogy, you can teach in agriculture universities. Lecturer, Reader, Assistant Professor and Associate Professor are some of the openings you can look forward to.

Biomedical engineering deals with the application of engineering knowledge to the development of medical products. This branch of engineering provides a clear understanding of health maintenance processes, manufacture and operation of medical equipment. Some examples of products of biomedical engineering are digital thermometer, pacemaker, electrocardiograph machines and glucometers.

The curriculum of Biomedical Engineering covers subjects like Medical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Anatomy, Physiology, Biomedical instrumentation, Microprocessors and Circuit Analysis. Some areas of specialisation under Biomedical Engineering are Biomedical Signal Processing, Biomechanics, Medical Image Processing, Medical Instrumentation, Medical Embedded Systems, Bio-materials, Bio-Nano technology, Tissue Engineering and Rehabilitation Engineering.

Biomedical engineers can find employment in companies that deal with medial instrumentation. Hospitals, diagnostic centres, KPOs and research organisations are some more avenues. Infosys, Wipro, Deloitte, Siemens Medical, GE healthcare, L& T medical, Philips medical, BPL medical, Novartis healthcare are some companies that recruit biomedical engineers.

Andhra University, Visakhapatnam offers M.Tech on Biomedical Engineering. The eligibility criterion is BE/ B.Tech in a relevant discipline. Admission is based on performance in entrance test.
For more details, log on to www.andhrauniversity.edu.in/

University College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad offers B.Tech in Biomedical Engineering. The eligibility criterion is 10+2. Admission is based on performance in entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.osmania.ac.in

Some of the institutes that offer the course are:
CM Engineering College, Hyderabad, MNR College of Engineering and Technology, Medak, Vignan’s Institute of Technology and Aeronautical Engineering, Nalgonda and Church Institute of Technology, Ranga Reddy offer Bachelor’s degree in Aeronautical Engineering. The eligibility criterion for the course is +2 with Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry as subjects. The admission is based on performance at EAMCET.
For details, log on to www.osmania.ac.in or www.jntu.ac.in

Aeronautical Society of India conducts Associate Membership Examination twice a year. Passing the Section ‘A’ and Section ‘B’ of this examination is equivalent to a graduate at par with a Bachelor’s Degree in Aeronautical Engineering from an Indian University. The examination has recognition of government of India and Engineering Council, London UK. After clearing both the sections, the candidate will be eligible to appear for GATE also. The eligibility criterion for appearing for Section ‘A’ is +2 with Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics with at least 50 marks in each subject. After the completion of both the exams, the candidates will be elected as Graduate Members of the Society.
For details like syllabus for the exams and registration process log on to  www.aerosocietyindia.com

At postgraduate level:
M V J College of Engineering, Bangalore offers M.Tech in Aeronautical Engineering. The eligibility criterion is BE/ B.Tech Examinations/ AMIE (India) or equivalent in Aeronautical, Mechanical, Civil, Electrical and Electronics and Electronics and Communication, Industrial Engineering and Management or Industrial Production Engineering with minimum 50 per cent marks.
For details, log on to  www.mvjce.edu.in

The following are some of the institutes offering the course:
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad offers M.Tech in Electronics and Instrumentation. The eligibility criterion is BE/ B.Tech in ECE, EEE, EIE, ICE, or AMIE/ AMIETE. The admission is based on performance at GATE.
For details, log on to  www.jntu.ac.in

Andhra University, Visakhapatnam offers M.Sc (Tech) in Electronics and Instrumentation. The eligibility criterion is B.Sc with Mathematics and a subject from Electronics/ Physics/ Statistics/ Computer Science/ Computer Applications/ Chemistry. The admission is based on performance at entrance test.
For details, log on to www.andhrauniversity.edu.in

Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi offers M.Tech with Instrumentation and Control Systems as specialisations. The eligibility criterion is BE/ B.Tech/ AMIE in EEE/ ECE/ EIE/ Electronics and Control Engineering/ Instrumentation Engineering and Control Engineering/ Biomedical Engineering or AMIETE.
For details, log on to  www.svuniversity.in

After the completion of the course, you can opt for a job in fields like electrical, electronics, communications, telecommunications, information technology and instrumentation. If you are interested in pursuing a government job, Indian Railways, ISRO, Indian Oil Corporation and the Defence Services offer exciting career prospects for engineering graduates.

Given below are the details of some institutes that offer courses in petroleum engineer:
Al - Habeeb College of Engineering and Technology, affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad offers B.Tech in Petroleum engineering. The eligibility criterion is 10+2 with MPC. Admission is based on performance in entrance test.
For details, log on to www.alhabeebcollege.ac.in

Sri Aditya Engineering College, Surempalem offers B.Tech in Petroleum Technology. The eligibility criterion is Intermediate with MPC. Admission is based on performance in entrance test.
For details, log on to sriaditya.edu.in/

College of Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam offers B.Tech in Chemical Engineering with Petrochemical Engineering as an elective. The eligibility criterion for this course is Intermediate with Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry. Admission is based on performance in entrance test. The university offers M.Tech in Petroleum Exploration also.
For details, log on to www.andhrauniversity.edu.in/

Petroleum engineering/ petroleum exploration engineering graduates can take up a job in the area of oil exploration, production, reservoir management, transport etc. Drilling engineer, production engineer and reservoir engineer are some of the job roles that they can assume. Oil and Natural Gas Corporation, Indian Oil Corporation, Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited, Hindustan petroleum Corporation Limited, Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited and Reliance Industries are some top employers in this industry.

JNTU, Hyderabad offers B.Tech in Correspondence-Cum-Contact mode for employees working in the State of Andhra Pradesh. The branches offered include ECE, Civil, EEE, Mechanical and Computer Science. The eligibility criterion is diploma in relevant branch of engineering. The applicant must be working in the jurisdiction of the university. The admission is based on performance at entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.jntu.ac.in

Indira Gandhi National Open University, Delhi offers B.Tech in Civil Engineering and Mechanical Engineering The eligibility criteria for Civil Engineering are three-year diploma in Diploma in Civil/ Mechanical/ Electrical/ Computer/ Architecture/ Chemical Engineering from a recognised Polytechnic or its equivalent and the candidate should be employed/ self employed in equivalent capacity. For Mechanical Engineering, the candidate should have finished three-year Diploma in Engineering in Mechanical/ Electrical/ Electronics/ Agriculture/ Computer/ Civil Engineering or completed at least of first year of B.Tech programme from a recognised university (to apply for credit transfer) or have successfully completed Advanced Diploma/ Diploma in Computer Integrated Manufacturing, and employed in Central or State level industrial organisation / Public sector.
For details, log on to  www.ignou.ac.in

Nano means very small and Nanotechnology is derived from the combination of two words Nano and Technology. It is the technology in miniature form and combines the study of Physics, Chemistry, Bio-informatics and Biotechnology.

Nanotechnology as an in depth study is in its nascent stage but the country is making vast inroad to match up with the rest of the world and students who pursue M. Tech. in nanotechnology are sought after. Career opportunities exist for students in India and abroad as well. Nanoelectronics, Nano-Biotechnology and Nanomaterials are the main divisions of Nanotechnology. The areas covered are Medicine, Agriculture, Environment, Space research, Forensic Sciences, telecommunications, environment, aerospace and Genetics to name a few. Career wise, a degree in Nanotechnology along with a degree in one of the above-mentioned areas can improve jobs prospects of an aspirant significantly.

Given below are the details of institutes that offer M.Tech in Nanotechnology:
National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra offers M.Tech in Nanotechnology. The eligibility criterion is M. Sc in Physics/ Applied Physics/ Chemistry/ Biochemistry/ Biotechnology/ Electronics/ Engineering Physics/ Material Science/ Nano Science and Technology or B. Tech in Biotechnology/ Electronics and Communication Engineering/ Engineering Physics/ Material Science and Engineering/ Material Science and Technology/ Computer Science/ Electronics Engineering. Admission is based on performance in GATE.
For details, log on to www.nitkkr.ac.in/

NIT Calicut also offers M.Tech in Nanotechnology.
For details, log on to nitc.ac.in/

Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee offers M.Tech in Nanotechnology.
For details, log on to  www.iitr.ac.in

Biomedical engineering deals with the application of engineering knowledge to the development of medical products. This branch of engineering provides a clear understanding of health maintenance processes, manufacture and operation of medical equipment. Some examples of products of biomedical engineering are digital thermometer, pacemaker, electrocardiograph machines and glucometers.

The curriculum of Biomedical Engineering covers subjects like Medical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Anatomy, Physiology, Biomedical instrumentation, Microprocessors and Circuit Analysis. Some areas of specialisation under Biomedical Engineering are Biomedical Signal Processing, Biomechanics, Medical Image Processing, Medical Instrumentation, Medical Embedded Systems, Bio-materials, Bio-Nano technology, Tissue Engineering and Rehabilitation Engineering.

Biomedical engineers can find employment in companies that deal with medial instrumentation. Hospitals, diagnostic centres, KPOs and research organisations are some more avenues. Infosys, Wipro, Deloitte, Siemens Medical, GE healthcare, L& T medical, Philips medical, BPL medical, Novartis healthcare are some companies that recruit biomedical engineers.

Andhra University, Visakhapatnam offers M.Tech on Biomedical Engineering. The eligibility criterion is BE/ B.Tech in a relevant discipline. Admission is based on performance in entrance test.
For more details, log on to www.andhrauniversity.edu.in/

University College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad offers B.Tech in Biomedical Engineering. The eligibility criterion is 10+2. Admission is based on performance in entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.osmania.ac.in

Biotechnology deals with altering the characteristics and behaviour of living cells by making use of technology. It is an interdisciplinary science of biology, mathematics, physics, chemistry and engineering, and finds application in numerous fields like agriculture, food processing, drug development, waste management, animal husbandry and environmental conservation.

Biotechnology is a research-oriented field. So, to succeed in this field, you should develop research bent of mind.

After B.Tech in Biotechnology, you can purse M.Tech in a relevant subject. Later, pursuing Ph.D will enhance your career prospects.

At M.Tech level you can opt for specialisations like biotechnology, industrial biotechnology, medical biotechnology or bioinformatics.

Another option for you is MBA- Biotechnology.

Biotechnologists find opportunities in industries that are into drug development, health care, food processing, chemicals, bio-products, textiles, waste management nutrition, environmental conservation, animal sciences etc. Government departments related to biotechnology, horticulture, agriculture, veterinary science, dairy, fisheries and health care also take biotechnologists. Research organisations and educational institutions are some more avenues.

An embedded system is a system with specific functionality within a larger system. Processors, telephone switches, mobile phones, routers DVD players and videogame consoles are some examples of embedded systems. Professionals in this field are involved in design, development and integration of embedded systems.

You can take up the study of Embedded Systems at master’s or diploma levels. The following are institutes offering the course:
VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Andhra Pradesh offers M.Tech in Embedded Systems. The admission is based on GATE percentile. The selection of non-GATE candidates (in case there are no sufficient qualified GATE applicants) is based on performance in the interview.
For details, log on to  www.vnrvjiet.ac.in

IIIT, Hyderabad offers M.Tech VLSI and Embedded Systems. The eligibility criterion is B.Tech / B.E (ECE). The admission is based on performance at entrance test and interview.
For details, log on to  www.iiit.ac.in

Kalasalingam University, Tamil Nadu offers M.Tech in Embedded System Technology. The admission is based on performance at entrance examination conducted by the university.
For details, log on to www.kalasalingam.ac.in

C-DAC, Hyderabad offers Diploma in Embedded System Design. The eligibility criterion is an Engineering degree (UG/ PG) in Electronics/ Electrical/ Electronics and Communication/ Electronics and Instrumentation/ Computer Science and Engineering/ Computer Engineering/ Information Technology or M.Sc Electronics/ Instrumentation with higher second class (55 per cent and above) in the final degree.
For details, log on to  www.cdachyd.in

Digital marketing is promotion of brands through digital media like the Internet, mobile phones and game consoles. It includes advertising, engaging and servicing through digital media. Emails, social media websites, online communities, forums, blogs, graphic banners, floating ads and pop-up ads are some of the tools used by digital marketers to spread across their message.

As a digital marketer, you can be associated with the complete process or specialise in a niche area of digital marketing. Employment opportunities are available in digital marketing companies and in-house marketing departments of business organisations.

Some job roles in this area are interactive marketing specialist, social media strategist, audience acquisition manager, social media coordinator, digital planner, business development executive, SEO strategist, media manager, social media web developer and web analytics manager.

Some institutes that offer relevant courses are:
International Institute of Creative Marketing, Mumbai offers Certificate Programme in Digital Marketing. The eligibility criterion is graduation.
For details, log on to www.iicm.in/

IMRI – Internet and Mobile Research Institute, Bangalore offers Executive Program in Digital Marketing. The eligibility criterion is graduation.
For details, log on to imri.in/

Institute of Leadership Entrepreneurship and Development, Kolkata (www.ilead.net.in) offers Modular course on Digital Marketing.

International Digital Marketing Institute, Gurgaon (www.theidmi.com/) offers Training in Social Media Marketing and Digital Marketing.

Lavenir Institute of Professional Studies, Pune (www.lipsindia.com) offers Training in Digital Marketing.

Thermal engineering deals with research, design and modelling of heating and cooling equipment, power management and renewable energies. Some of the job roles thermal engineers can assume are plant chemist, trainee planner, researcher, lecturer, piping designer, graduate trainee, maintenance engineer and field service engineer. Some companies that hire thermal engineers include Vodafone, Infosys, TATA, HCl, Bosch, Gemini Instratech and Prestige Group of Industries.

Given below are the details of some institutes that offer courses in Thermal Engineering:
Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi offers M. Tech in Thermal Engineering. The eligibility criterion is B.Tech in a Mechanical engineering or a related subject. Admission is based on performance in GATE.
For details, log on to mech.iitd.ac.in/

Biju Patnaik University of Technology, Orissa offers M. Tech in Thermal Engineering. The eligibility criterion is B.Tech in a relevant branch of engineering. Admission is based on performance in entrance test.
For details, log on to www.bput.ac.in/

National Institute of Technology, Raipur, offers M. Tech in Thermal Engineering.
For details, log on to www.nitrr.ac.in/

Industrial automation deals with using control systems to automate industrial machinery and processes. It helps increase productivity and quality, contain costs and maintain consistency of the output, and ensure optimal usage of resources. Control systems can be combination of mechanical, electrical, electronics and computer technologies.

Job opportunities for professionals in industrial automation are in industries like automobile, chemical, bottling, glass manufacturing, power generation and aircraft manufacture.

Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum (vtu.ac.in) offers M.Tech in Industrial Automation and Robotics.

Uttar Pradesh Technical University, Lucknow (www.uptu.ac.in/) offers party-time M.Tech in Mechanical Engineering with specialisation in Industrial System Engineering.

National Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Calicut (www.doeacccalicut.ac.in ) offers PG Diploma in Industrial Automation. The eligibility criterion is BE/ B.Tech. in Electrical/ Electronics/ Instrumentation/ Chemical Engineering/ Applied Electronics and Instrumentation/ Instrumentation and Control/ Electronics and Communication/ Mechatronics/ Computer Science. Admission is based on marks obtained in qualifying examination.

Prolific Systems and Technologies, Hyderabad (www.plcscadatraining.com ) offers Certified Programmable Logic Controllers Training. The course covers SCADA software such as Wonderware InTouch and also provides practical experience of working on leading brands of PLCs such as Allen Bradley, Siemens, Modicon and GE Fanuc.

Indian Engineering Service comprises of engineers who take up the technical management in sectors like railways, military, public works, telecommunications and power.

The recruitment to this is based on the merit obtained in the competitive examination- Engineering Services Examination, conducted by the Union Public Service Commission. The recruitment is made under the categories of Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering.

The notification will be released in the month of January/ February. The examination is conducted in June. The age of the candidate must be between 21-30 years on 1st August of the year of Examination. The eligibility criterion is a degree in Engineering from a recognised university or equivalent. M.Sc degree or its equivalent with Wireless Communications, Electronics, Radio Physics or Radio Engineering as special subjects is also acceptable for certain Services/posts.

The recruitment process involves two step- the written examination and personality test. The written examination carries 1000 marks and comprises of five papers. Paper –I is a general ability test which tests the candidate in the areas of English and general studies. It carries 200 marks. Paper II and III are in the relevant engineering subject and carry 200 marks each. Papers I, II and III are objective in type. Papers- IV and V are in conventional type and carry 200 marks each. They deal with the relevant discipline of engineering.

Personality Test carries 200 marks and the candidates must clear the written examination to be called for this. Personality test assesses qualities like leadership qualities, social skills, zeal to learn and mental fitness.
For further details, log on to  www.upsc.gov.in

Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Baroda offers three-year M.Sc in Anatomy, Physiology, Pharmacology, Microbiology and in Bio-chemistry.
For details, log on to www.msubaroda.ac.in

Loyola College, Chennai offers M.Sc Medical Sociology.
For details, log on to  www.loyolacollege.edu

Department of Hospital Management, Deccan School of Management offers Master of Hospital Management (MHM). The eligibility criterion is graduation in any discipline with minimum 50 per cent marks. Medical professionals are also encouraged to apply. The admission is based on performance at entrance test, group discussion and personal interview conducted by Osmania University. The course spreads over two and a half years, which includes internship for six months. Apollo Institute of Hospital Administration also offers the course.
For details, log on to  www.apolloiha.ac.in or  www.osmania.ac.in

The B.Tech programme in Biological Science and Bio-engineering, offered by IIT Kanpur, provides an exposure of the emerging fields to the students. The course is a blend of biological sciences and engineering principles. It explores how the knowledge of advanced biological science can be useful to human life and how the study of biological science can be advanced by application of engineering techniques. Biological Science and Bio-engineering is useful in fields like biomedical engineering, drug design, bioinformatics, biotechnology and genomics.

Some of the subjects covered in the course are Bio-nanotechnology, Molecular Biology, Bioinformatics, Biopharmaceuticals, Bioelectricity, Biochemistry, Biomechanics, Immunology, Neurobiology and Genomics.

The eligibility criterion for the course is 10+2. Admission is based on performance in IIT- Joint Entrance Examination. For details, log on to https://www.iitk.ac.in/

After the completion of the course, you can work in companies that deal with pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, bioinformatics, medical devices and the likewise. Research options are bright for professionals in this field.

Biomedical engineering deals with the application of engineering knowledge to the development of medical products. This branch of engineering provides a clear understanding of health maintenance processes, manufacture and operation of medical equipment. Some examples of products of biomedical engineering are digital thermometer, pacemaker, electrocardiograph machines and glucometers.

The curriculum of Biomedical Engineering covers subjects like Medical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Anatomy, Physiology, Biomedical instrumentation, Microprocessors and Circuit Analysis. Some areas of specialisation under Biomedical Engineering are Biomedical Signal Processing, Biomechanics, Medical Image Processing, Medical Instrumentation, Medical Embedded Systems, Bio-materials, Bio-Nano technology, Tissue Engineering and Rehabilitation Engineering.

Biomedical engineers can find employment in companies that deal with medial instrumentation. Hospitals, diagnostic centres, KPOs and research organisations are some more avenues. Infosys, Wipro, Deloitte, Siemens Medical, GE healthcare, L& T medical, Philips medical, BPL medical, Novartis healthcare are some companies that recruit biomedical engineers.

Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore offers M.Tech in Biomedical Engineering. The eligibility criterion is BE/ B.Tech in a relevant discipline. Admission is based on performance in GATE/ entrance test. For details, log on to www.vit.ac.in

SRM University, Kattanakulathur offers M.Tech in Biomedical Engineering. Admission is based on performance in SRM Entrance Examination. For more details, log on to www.srmuniv.ac.in

University College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad offers B.Tech in Biomedical Engineering. The eligibility criterion is 10+2. Admission is based on performance in entrance test. For details, log on to www.osmania.ac.in

• Minimum 60 per cent marks in class XII with Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry
• Minimum 60 per cent aggregate marks Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics in class X.

Admission is based on performance at entrance test (UPES Engineering Aptitude Test) or marks obtained in qualifying examination. For details, log on to www.upes.ac.in

After B.Tech Electrical and Electronics Engineering, you can opt for a job in government organisations, PSUs and private organisations.

Here are some of the options you can choose from:
Indian Engineering Service: The UPSC Board for recruitment conducts the Indian Engineering Service (IES) examination for recruiting engineers into various government departments. The recruitment process involves two step- written examination and personality test.
For further details, log on to  www.upsc.gov.in

Research Organisations: Research organisations like the Indian Space Research Organisation, Defence Research and Development Organisation and Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre hire engineering graduates for various job roles.

PSUs: Organisations like Indian Oil Corporation Ltd and Bharat Electronics Ltd hire Electrical and electronics engineers.

Private organisations: You can explore opportunities in industries like electrical, electronics, communications, telecommunications, information technology and instrumentation.

Indian Engineering Service comprises of engineers who take up the technical management in sectors like railways, military, public works, telecommunications and power.

The recruitment to this is based on the merit obtained in the competitive examination- Engineering Services Examination, conducted by the Union Public Service Commission. The recruitment is made under the categories of Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering.

The notification will be released in the month of January/ February. The examination is conducted in June. The age of the candidate must be between 21-30 years on 1st August of the year of Examination. The eligibility criterion is a degree in Engineering from a recognised university or equivalent. M.Sc degree or its equivalent with Wireless Communications, Electronics, Radio Physics or Radio Engineering as special subjects is also acceptable for certain Services/posts.

The recruitment process involves two step- the written examination and personality test. The written examination carries 1000 marks and comprises of five papers. Paper –I is a general ability test which tests the candidate in the areas of English and general studies. It carries 200 marks. Paper II and III are in the relevant engineering subject and carry 200 marks each. Papers I, II and III are objective in type. Papers- IV and V are in conventional type and carry 200 marks each. They deal with the relevant discipline of engineering.

Personality Test carries 200 marks and the candidates must clear the written examination to be called for this. Personality test assesses qualities like leadership qualities, social skills, zeal to learn and mental fitness.
For further details, log on to  www.upsc.gov.in

The following are the details of some of the institutes you can consider:
College of Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam offers BE in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering. The eligibility criterion is +2. The admission is based on performance at entrance test. For details, log on to www.andhrauniversity.info

International Maritime Academy, Chennai offers B.Tech in Marine Engineering. The eligibility criterion is HSC or its equivalent with at least 60 per cent average in Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics and at least 50 per cent in English as a subject either in class X or class XII. For details, log on to www.ima-maritime.com

Southern Academy of Maritime Studies, (https://samsindia.com ), Academy of Maritime Education and Training University, (www.ametindia.com) and VELS University, (www.velsuniv.org ), Tamil Nadu also offer the course. The eligibility criterion is +2 with 60 per cent marks in PCM and 50 per cent marks in English. For more details, log on to the websites of these institutes.

The role of marine engineers is to operate and maintain machinery like engines, boilers, steam engines, turbines, alternators, winches and compressors on ships. After completing your B.Tech in Marine Engineering, you can begin your career as Junior Engineer. On completion of the stipulated period on ships and after passing the competency Examination conducted by the Directorate General of Shipping, Government of India, you can become Chief Engineer of a ship in five to six years.

Integration of medicine and technology is a development this millennium has witnessed so far. The convergence led to spectacular advancements in the field of medicine. Niche interdisciplinary fields like medical imaging, biomedical instrumentation, biomaterials and medical statistics were born of this convergence.

The specialisation Medical Science and Technology was conceived to provide a platform for research in the field of medical science and technology, which can lead to a better integrated healthcare delivery system in India. The programme imparts Science and engineering skills to medical professionals so that they can work towards the fusion of medical science with technology.

The three-year M.Tech in Medical Science and Technology, offered by IIT Kharagpur is open to candidates who have completed their MBBS with minimum 55 per cent marks. Admission is based on performance in written test of two hours duration. For more details, log on to https://gate.iitkgp.ac.in

After the completion of this course, students can find opportunities in various hospitals, medical industries and research institutes who are working on innovative techniques in medicine. Some institutes that hire these professionals include GE Healthcare, Philips Medical Systems, DRDO and Siemens.

Industrial automation deals with using control systems to automate industrial machinery and processes. It helps increase productivity and quality, contain costs and maintain consistency of the output, and ensure optimal usage of resources. Control systems can be combination of mechanical, electrical, electronics and computer technologies.

Job opportunities for professionals in industrial automation are in industries like automobile, chemical, bottling, glass manufacturing, power generation and aircraft manufacture.

Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum, (vtu.ac.in) offers M.Tech in Industrial Automation and Robotics.

Uttar Pradesh Technical University, Lucknow, (www.uptu.ac.in/) offers party-time M.Tech. in Mechanical Engineering with specialisation in Industrial System Engineering.

National Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Calicut (www.doeacccalicut.ac.in ) offers PG Diploma in Industrial Automation. The eligibility criterion is BE/ B.Tech in Electrical/ Electronics/ Instrumentation/ Chemical Engineering/ Applied Electronics and Instrumentation/ Instrumentation and Control/ Electronics and Communication/ Mechatronics/ Computer Science. Admission is based on marks obtained in qualifying examination.

Prolific Systems and Technologies, Hyderabad (www.plcscadatraining.com ) offers Certified Programmable Logic Controllers Training. The course covers SCADA software such as Wonderware InTouch and also provides practical experience of working on leading brands of PLCs such as Allen Bradley, Siemens, Modicon and GE Fanuc.

The B.Tech. programme in Biological Science and Bio-engineering, offered by IIT Kanpur, provides an exposure of the emerging fields to the students. The course is a blend of biological sciences and engineering principles. It explores how the knowledge of advanced biological science can be useful to human life and how the study of biological science can be advanced by application of engineering techniques. Biological Science and Bio-engineering is useful in fields like biomedical engineering, drug design, bioinformatics, biotechnology and genomics.

Some of the subjects covered in the course are Bio-nanotechnology, Molecular Biology, Bioinformatics, Biopharmaceuticals, Bioelectricity, Biochemistry, Biomechanics, Immunology, Neurobiology and Genomics.

The eligibility criterion for the course is 10+2. Admission is based on performance in IIT- Joint Entrance Examination.
For details, log on to www.iitk.ac.in/

After the completion of the course, you can work in companies that deal with pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, bioinformatics, medical devices and the likewise. Research options are bright for professionals in this field.

Robotics is an interdisciplinary science of mechanical, electronics, electrical, instrumentation and software engineering. To pursue a career in this field, you can study Robotics, Mechatronics, Artificial Intelligence or any allied branch of engineering. Robotics Engineering is offered at both Bachelor’s and Master’s levels. Students, who pursue their B.Tech in Mechanical Engineering or in a relevant sub-field, can pursue M.Tech in Robotics. The following are some institutes that offer M.Tech in Robotics or an allied subject:

Hyderabad Central University, Hyderabad offers M.Tech in Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology. The admission is based on GATE scores in Computer Science and Information Technology.
For details, log on to  www.uohyd.ernet.in

Osmania University, Hyderabad offers ME in Automation and Robotics. The eligibility criterion is B.Tech or its equivalent degree in Mechanical/ Automobile/ Mechatronics / Production/ Aeronautical/ Industrial/ Marine Engineering. Admission is based on performance at GAT/ entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.osmania.ac.in

Andhra University, Visakhapatnam offers M.Tech in Computer Science and Technology with Artificial Intelligence and Robotics as specialisation. The eligibility criterion is BE/ B.Tech/ B.Arch/ M.Sc Information Systems/ Mathematics/ Applied Mathematics/ Physics/ Electronics/ Computer Science/ Statistics or MCA. Admission is based on performance at entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.andhrauniversity.info

Professionals in Robotics can work in areas like design, R&D, manufacture, safety, and quality. Jobs can be found in fields like electronics, electrical, manufacturing, engineering, instrumentation, defence, mining, aerospace, automobile, robotics, tool design and aviation. Research organisations and educational institutions are the other avenues.

Given below are some options for you can explore:
Programmable Logic Controller: PLC is a computing system used to control electromechanical processes. It is are used to control machinery in factories, amusement parks, hospitals, hotels, military, traffic signals and construction.

SCADA: SCADA stands for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition. It is a type of industrial control system that is used to monitor and control facilities and infrastructure in industries.

Very Large Scale Integration: VLSI technology deals with placing millions of transistors on a single chip. It involves design, testing and verification of these chips.

Embedded Systems: An embedded system is a system with specific functionality within a larger system. Processors, telephone switches, mobile phones, routers DVD players and videogame consoles are some examples of embedded systems. Professionals in this field are involved in design, development and integration of embedded systems.

Prolific Systems and Technologies, Hyderabad offers Certified Programmable Logic Controllers Training. This training program covers PLC and SCADA. It provides practical experience of working on leading brands of PLCs such as Allen Bradley, Siemens, Modicon and GE Fanuc. It covers popular SCADA software such as Wonderware InTouch. The institute offers placement assistance also. For details, log on to www.plcscadatraining.com

Advanced Training Institute for Electronics and Process Instrumentation (atiepihyderabad.gov.in) at Ramanthapur, Hyderabad offers training in PLC and SCADA.

Sandeepani School of VLSI Design, Hyderabad offers Post Graduate Diploma in VLSI System Design. Admission is based on performance at written test and technical interview.
For details, log on to  www.sandeepani-vlsi.com

C-DAC, Hyderabad (www.cdachyd.in ) offers Diploma in Embedded System Design.

Choosing between M.Tech and MBA is a common confusion among engineering students. This is a crucial decision and will affect your career thereafter. So you should take a decision after much deliberation. So, first take stock of your interests, aptitude, strengths and aspirations.

Both MBA and M.Tech offer you challenging and lucrative careers. Both of them lead to managerial roles. But the nature of roles they lead to is different. In the M.Tech path, you will be managing more of work or projects. In the MBA path you will deal more with business. But of course, MBA is one of the eligibility criteria to assume senior level managerial posts.

If you like Science and Technology and have a strong foundation of concepts, then opt for M.Tech. It will arm you with the expertise in your area of specialisation. With the completion of the course, you will be confident to face the job market and challenges at the workplace.

If you want to assume higher roles in an organisation and believe that you have the necessary abilities, go for MBA. If you are opting for MBA, your B.Tech degree may not contribute much to your study or career. You have to work hard to acquire the skills required to succeed in the path.

A better option is to pursue M.Tech now, take up a job and later based on your aspirations and options available, decide whether you need MBA. At that point, if you decide that you need MBA, you can take a break to pursue it. With some work experience, you will be eligible for executive MBA also. Pursuing MBA after gaining some work experience helps you to better understand the course curriculum and adds value to your resume.

To secure a seat in M.Tech, you have to take GATE or entrance test of the institute.

Coming to MBA, there are some specialisations for engineering graduates. The details are as follows:
M S Ramaiah School of Advance Studies, Bangalore offers MBA in Engineering operations.
For details, log on to www.msrsas.org

Osmania University, Hyderabad offers MBA in Technology Management.
For details log on to  www.osmania.ac.in

Faculty of Management Science, University of Delhi, Delhi offers MBA with Information Technology as specialisation.
For details, log on to  www.fms.edu

Apart from these, you can opt for MBA in IT Business Management, Information Systems and Security, Networks and IT Infrastructure, Software Development and Management or Systems offered by Symbiosis Center of Information Techonology, Pune.
For details, log on to  www.scit.edu

Bioinformatics deals with applying computational techniques to process biological information. It is all about using computer technology to gather, store and analyse biological data such as DNA sequence, bio-molecular interactions and gene expression profiles.

The following are some of the institutes that offer M.Tech. in Bioinformatics:
Andhra University, Visakhapatnam offers M.Tech in Computers Science and Technology with Bioinformatics as a specialisation. The eligibility criterion is BE/ B.Tech./ B.Arch./ M.Sc. in Information Systems/ Mathematics/ Applied Mathematics/ Physics/ Electronics/ Computer Science/ Statistics or MCA. The admission is based on performance at GATE/ entrance test.
For details, log on to-  www.andhrauniversity.info

IIIT Hyderabad offers M.Tech. in Bioinformatics. The eligibility criterion is BE/ B.Tech. in CS/ IT/ Biotechnology/ Bioinformatics or Master's degree in Programming/ Mathematics/ Sciences. The admission is based on performance at entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.iiit.ac.in

Hyderabad Central University offers M.Tech. in Bioinformatics. The Admission is based on performance at entrance test.
For details, log on to  www.uohyd.ernet.in

After the completion of the course you can find employment in sectors like biotechnology, pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences, hospitals, educational institutes and research organisations. Some roles you can assume include database administrator, clinical pharmacologist, Analyst, Computational chemist and Informatics developer.

Petroleum Engineering primarily focuses on exploration, production and distribution of oil and gas. An M.Tech. programme in Petroleum Engineering imparts knowledge latest technologies specific to the industry. After the completion of the course, students become capable of pursuing a successful career in the oil and gas industry.

Given below are the details of some institutes that offer the M.Tech programme:
University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, offers M.Tech. Petroleum Exploration. The eligibility criteria are minimum 60 per cent marks in class X and 10+2, and in B.Tech. / BE in Petroleum/ Geo Science/ Geo Informatics/ Mechanical/ Chemical or M.Sc. in Geology/ Geo Physics. Admission is based on performance in entrance test.
For details, log on to www.upes.ac.in

Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gujarat, offers M.Tech. programme in Petroleum Engineering. The eligibility criterion for the programme is B.Tech. in Petroleum/ Mechanical/ Chemical/ Electrical and Electronics/ Instrumentation and Control Engineering. Applicants must have at least two years of professional experience in a relevant field.
For details, log on to www.pdpu.ac.in

Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Rae Bareli, offers M.Tech. in Petroleum Engineering. The eligibility criterion for the programme is 60 per cent marks in B.Tech/ BE in Petroleum/ Chemical/ Mechanical/ Production/ Instrumentation and Control or Industrial Engineering. Admission is based on performance in GATE.
For details, log on to www.rgipt.ac.in/