4. Blood Relations

Sakshi Education

Introduction:-

Mother's or father's son	Brother
Mother's or father's daughter	Sister
Mother's or father's brother	Uncle
Mother's or father's sister	Aunt
Mother's or father’s father	Grandfather
Mother's or father’s mother	Grandmother
Son's wife	Daughter-in-law
Daughter's husband	Son-in-law
Husband's or wife's sister	Sister-in-law
Husband's or wife's brother	Brother-in-law
Brother's/Sister’s son	Nephew
Brother's/Sister’s daughter	Niece
Uncle of aunt's son or daughter	Cousin
Sister's husband	Brother-in-law
Brother's wife	Sister-in-law
Grandson's or Granddaughter’s daughter	Great grand daughter

ALSO REMEMBER THIS GENERATION:

Points to Remember:
Tip 1: If it is given that "Ram is father of Sohan" - From this we can find that Ram is male because he is father but it cannot be determined that Sohan is female.
Tip 2: Name like Ram, Rohan, Sohan anyone cannot be considered male until it is mentioned in statement same condition apply with female.
Tip 3: Always solve statements in generation.
Tip 4: Grandfather/ Grandmother/ Grandson/ Granddaughter can be both paternal and maternal.
Tip 5: Always be careful about "He", "She" because form this we can determine gender.

Type - 1 Question
In these type of questions, a roundabout description is given in the form of certain small relationships and you are required to analyze the whole chain of relations and decipher the direct relationship between the persons concerned.

SOLVED EXAMPLES

Pointing towards a person, a man said to a woman, "His mother is the only daughter of your father." How is the woman related to that person?
(a) Daughter
(b) Sister
(c) Mother
(d) Wife
Sol. The only daughter of woman's father is she herself. So, the person is woman's son, i.e. the woman is the person's mother.
Hence, the answer is (c)
Pointing to a lady in the photograph, Shaloo said, "Her son’s father is the son-in-law of my mother.” How is Shaloo related to the lady?
(a) Aunt
(b) Sister
(c) Mother
(d) Cousin
(e) None of these
Sol. Lady's son's father is lady's husband. So, the lady’s husband is the son-in-law of Shaloo's mother, i.e. the lady is the daughter of Shaloo's mother. Thus, Shaloo is the lady’s sister. Hence, the answer is (b).
Anil introduces Rohit as the son of the only brother of his father's wife. How is Rohit related to Anil?
(a) Cousin
(b) Son
(c) Uncle
(d) Son-in-law
(e) Brother
Sol. The relations may be analyzed as follows: Father's wife—Mother; Mother’s brother—Uncle; Uncle's son—Cousin. So, Rohit is Anil's cousin.
Hence, the answer is (a).
Pointing towards a person in the photograph, Anjali said, "He is the only son of the father of my sister’s brother.” How is that person related to Anjali?
(a) Mother
(b) Father
(c) Maternal Uncle
(d) Cousin
(e) None of these
Sol. The relations may be analyzed as follows: Sister's brother—Brother; Brother’s father—Father; Father's son— Brother. So, the person in the photograph is Anjali's brother.
Hence, the answer is (e)
Rita told Mani, "The girl I met yesterday at the beach was the youngest daughter of the brother-in-law of my friend’s mother." How is the girl related to Rita's friend?
(a) Cousin
(b) Daughter
(c) Niece
(d) Friend
(e) Aunt
Sol. The relations may be analyzed as follows: Daughter of brother-in-law—Niece; Mother's niece—Cousin. So, the girl is the cousin of Rita's friend.
Hence, the answer is (a)

Type - 2 question:
In these type of questions, mutual blood relations of more than two persons are mentioned. The candidate is required to analyze the given information, work out a family chart and then answer the given questions.

SOLVED EXAMPLES

A family has a man, his wife, their four sons and their wives. The family of every son also has 3 sons and one daughter. Find out the total number of male members on the whole family?
(a) 4
(b) 8
(c) 12
(d) 17
Sol. The male members in the family are: (i) the man himself; (ii) his four sons and (iii) his (3*4) =12 grandsons. Hence, total number of male members = (l+4+12) =17, so, the answer is (d).
A and B are brothers. C and D are sisters. A's son is D's brother. How is B related to C?
(a) Father
(b) brother
(c) Grandfather
(d) Uncle
(e) None of these
Sol. Clearly, B is the brother of A; A's son is D's brother. This means D is the daughter of A. since C and D are sisters; C is also the daughter of A. So, b is the uncle of C. Hence, the answer is (d).
A is B's sister. C is B's mother. D is C's father, E is D's mother. Then, how is A related to D?
(a) Grandmother
(b) Grandfather
(c) Daughter
(d) Grand daughter
Sol. A is the sister of B and B is the son/daughter of C. so, A is the daughter of C. also, D is the father of C. Thus, A is the Granddaughter of D. Hence, the answer is (d)
Read the following information carefully and answer the questions given below: Ravi is the son of Aman's father's sister. Sahil is son of Divya who is mother of Gaurav and grandmother of Aman.
Ashok is the father of Tanya and grandfather of Ravi. Divya is wife of Ashok.
(i) How is Ravi related to Divya?
(a) Nephew
(b) Grandson
(c) Son
(d) Data inadequate
(e) None of these
Sol. Divya is wife of Ashok, and Ashok is grandfather of Ravi. So, Ravi is Divya's grandson. Hence, the answer is (b)

(ii) How is Gaurav's wife related to Tanya?
(a) Niece
(b) Sister
(c) Sister-in-law
(d) Data inadequate
(e) None of these
Sol. Tanya is Ashok's daughter; Gaurav is Divya's and Ashok s Divya's husband. So, Gaurav is Tanya’s brother and his wife is Tanaya's sister-in-law. Hence, the answer is (c).
Read the following information carefully and answer the questions given below: There are six children playing football, namely A, B, C, D, E, and F. A and E are brothers. F is the sister of E. C is the only son of A's uncle. B and D are daughter of the brother of C's father.
(i) How is C related to F?
(a) Cousin
(b) brother
(c) son
(d) Uncle
(e) None of these
Sol. F is E's and hence A's sister. So, C is also the son of F's uncle and is, therefore, F's cousin. Hence, the answer is (a).

(ii) How many male players are there?
(a) One
(b) Three
(c) Four
(d) Five
(e) Six
Sol. As given, A and E are brothers. Hence both are males. F is the sister of E and hence female. C is the son and hence male. B and D are daughters and hence female. Thus, there are three males. So, the answer is (b).

(iii) How many female players are there?
(a) One
(b) Two
(c) Three
(d) Four
(e) Five
Sol. Clearly, from the solution of 2, we find that there are three females. So, the answer is (c)

(iv) How is D related to A?
(a) Uncle
(b) Sister
(c) Niece
(d) Cousin
(e) None of these
Sol. Clearly, D's father is the brother of C’s father and C's father is A's uncle. So, D's father is also A's uncle. Thus, D is A's cousin. Hence, the answer is (d).
Read the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:
Prashant Arora has three children—Sangeeta, Vimal and Ashish. Ashish married Monika, the eldest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Roy. The Roys married their youngest daughter to the eldest of Mr. and Mrs. Sharma, and they had two children named Amit and Shashi. The Roys have two more children, Roshan and Vandana, both elder to Veena. Sameer and Ajay are sons of Ashish and Monika. Rahsmi is the daughter of Amit.
(i) What is the surname of Rashmi?
(a) Sharma
(b) Roy
(c) Arora
(d) Cannot be determined
(e) None of these
Sol. Rashmi is the daughter of Amit who is, therefore, the eldest son of Sharma’s and married to Veena, the youngest daughter of the Roys. So, the surname of Rashmi is Sharma. Hence, the answer is (a).

(ii) How is Sameer related to Monika's father?
(a) Grandson
(b) Son
(c) Cousin
(d) Son-in-law
(e) None of these
Sol. Sameer is the son of Ashish who is the son of Prashant Arora. So, Sameer is the grandson of Monika's father. Hence, the answer is (a).

(iii) What is the surname of Sameer?
(a) Roy
(b) Sharma
(c) Arora
(d) Cannot be determined
(e) None of these
Sol. Sameer is the son of Ashish who is the son of Prashant Arora. So, surname of Sameer is Arora. Hence, the answer is (c).

(iv) How is Mrs. Roy related to Ashish?
(a) Aunt
(b) Mother-in-law
(c) Mother
(d) Sister-in-law
(e) None of these
Sol. Ashish is married to Monika who is the daughter of Mrs. Roy. So, Mrs. Roy is the mother-in-law of Ashish. Hence, the answer is (b)

TYPE - 3 Question:
In such questions, the relationships are represented by certain specific codes or symbols such that the candidate is then required to analyze some given codes to determine the relationship between a set of persons, or to express a given relationship in the coded form.

SOLVED EXAMPLES
Ex.1. If 'A$B' means 'A is the father of B', 'A * B' means 'A is the mother of B' 'A @ B' means 'A is the wife of B’, then which of the following means ‘M is the grandmother of N'?
(a) M*T$N@R
(b) M*T$R@N
(c) M*R$T@N
(d) M*R@T@N
(e) None of these
Sol. 'M is the grandmother of N' means 'M is the mother of the father (say T) of N' i.e. M*T$N. So, the answer is (a).

Ex.2.Read the following information carefully to answer the question given below:
(i) 'A × B' means 'A is the brother of B';
(ii) 'A ÷ B' means 'B is the father of A';
(iii) 'A + B' means 'A is the sister of B';
(iv) 'A - B’ means 'A is the mother of B';

Which of the following means 'Q is the paternal uncle of K'?
(a) K × P ÷ M × Q
(b) K × B ÷ N × Q × D
(c) Q × L ÷R × K
(a) Only (a)
(b) Only (b)
(c) Only (c)
(d) Both (a) and (b)
(e) None of these
Which of the following statements is/are superfluous to answer the above question?
(a) (i) only
(b) (ii) only
(c) (iii) only
(d) Only (iii) and (iv)
(e) None
Sol.1. (a) 'K × P ÷ M × Q' means 'K is the brother of P whose father is M, who is the brother of Q'. Thus, K is the child of M, who is the brother of Q. So, Q may be the paternal uncle or aunt of K.
(b) 'K × B ÷ N ×Q × D' means 'K is the brother of B, whose father is N, who is the brother of Q, who in turn is the brother of D\ Thus, N is the father of K, and Q is the brother of N. So, Q is the paternal uncle of K.
(c) 'Q × L ÷ R × K' means 'Q is the brother of L whose father is R, who is the brother of K. Thus, R is the father of Q and R is the brother of K. So, K may be the paternal uncle or aunt of Q. Thus, only (b) represents the correct relation. Hence the answer is (b).

2. Clearly, we used only (i) and (ii) to answer the above question, while (iii) and (iv) are superfluous. Hence, the answer is (d).
Ex.3. If 'P+Q' means 'P is the father of Q' 'P×Q' means 'P is the brother of Q'; 'P-Q' means 'P is the mother of Q', then which of the following is definitely true about C-A+B?
(a) B is the son of A.
(b) A is the son of C.
(c) B is the father of A.
(d) C is the mother of B.
Sol. 'C-A+B' means ‘C is the mother of A who is the father of B'. This clearly implies that A is male and hence the son of C. Hence, the answer is (b).

EXERCISE

How is my father’s brother’s only sibling’s mother related to me?
(a) Aunt
(b) Cousin
(c) Grand mother
(d) Daughter
(e) Mother
How is my mother’s sibling’s Daughter related to me?
(a) Cousin
(b) Sister
(c) Daughter
(d) Daughter-in-law
(e) Aunt
How is my father’s mother-in-law’s only daughter related to me?
(a) Aunt
(b) Daughter
(c) Mother
(d) Cousin
(e) None of the these
How is my daughter’s son’s father related to me?
(a) Brother
(b) Nephew
(c) Son-in-law
(d) Son
(e) Niece
How is Mr. Ravi’s daughter’s mother’s mother-in-law related to Ravi?
(a) Mother
(b) Mother-in-law
(c) Sister
(d) Daughter
(e) Aunt
How is my sister’s husband’s mother-in-law’s only son-in-law related to me?
(a) Brother
(b) Cousin
(c) Father
(d) Nephew
(e) Brother-in-law
How is Mr. Mahesh’s father-in-law’s only daughter’s son related to Mr. Mahesh?
(a) Nephew
(b) Son
(c) Brother
(d) Father
(e) Niece
A and B are Brother’s. C is the sister of A, D is the sister of E, E is the son of A, then how D is related to C?
(a) Mother
(b) Niece
(c) Nephew
(d) Aunt
(e) Sister
In the above question how c is related to E?
(a) Sister
(b) Brother
(c) Aunt
(d) Mother
(e) Uncle

Directions: (10-15): Study the following information carefully and answer the question. If ‘A’ is Brother of B. C is son of B. D who is daughter of ‘A’ is married to E. F and B are sister’s to each other. Then:
How ‘E’ is related to A?
(a) Son
(b) Son-in-law
(c) Nephew
(d) Niece
(e) None
In the above question how D is related ‘B’?
(a) Sister
(b) Daughter
(c) Daughter-in-law
(d) Niece
(e) Nephew
How F is related to ‘D’?
(a) Aunt
(b) Mother
(c) Cousin
(d) Sister
(e) None
How A is related to F?
(a) Brother-in-law
(b) Father
(c) Grand father
(d) Nephew
(e) Brother
How C is related to D?
(a) Brother
(b) Brother-in-law
(c) Cousin
(d) Nephew
(e) None
How C is related to E?
(a) Cousin
(b) Wife
(c) Sister
(d) Brother
(e) No relation
Pointing to a Photograph, Ramesh said, “She is the mother of my brother’s Daughter’s Daughter”. How the person in the photograph is related to Ramesh?
(a) Sister
(b) Nephew
(c) Niece
(d) Mother
(e) Aunt
Introducing Kavya to Guests, Mr. Ramu said, “Her father is the only son of my father”, then how Kavya isrelated to Ramu?
(a) Daughter
(b) Niece
(c) Mother
(d) Cousin
(e) None
How is my brother’s grandfather’s only son’s only child related to me?
(a) Brother
(b) Myself
(c) Cousin (d) Father
(e) None
How is my father’s Father-in-law’s only daughter related to me?
(a) Mother
(b) Mother-in-law
(c) Sister
(d) Cousin
(e) Aunt
How is my Brother’s Mother’s only sibling’s mother related to me?
(a) Aunt
(b) Mother
(c) Grand mother
(d) Sister
(e) Niece

Directions: (21-25): Study the following information carefully and Answer the questions followed:
P* Q means P is the father of Q
P # Q means P is the sister of Q
P + Q means P is the brother of Q
P – Q means P is the mother of Q
P @ Q means P is the son of Q
P = Q means P is the daughter of Q
If A * B – C @ D, then A is the _____ of D?
(a) Father
(b) Father-in-law
(c) Mother
(d) Aunt
(e) Uncle
If M-N* O = P # Q, then N is the _____ of Q?
(a) Brother
(b) Husband
(c) Brother-in-law
(d) Father
(e) None
Which of the following means, A is the Grandfather of C?
(a) A*B–C= D
(b) A@B*C@D
(c) A#B*C@D
(d) A*B-C@D
(e) A+B*C@D
Which of the following means, P is daughter-in-law of M?
(a) M+N-O@P
(b) M-N*O=P
(c) P*O-M+N
(d) M#P-O@N
(e) None
If W+X-Y=Z, then Y is the _____ of W?
(a) Nephew
(b) Niece
(c) Son
(d) Daughter
(e) can’t be determine

Directions: (26-30) Study the following information carefully and answer the questions. A family of 8 persons has 3 married couples. ‘A’ is the Grandmother of C and is the mother-in-law of ‘F’. ‘H’ is the daughter of B, Who is the Brother of ‘G’. D is the only child of ‘G’ and is the mother of C. E is the wife of B.
How ‘G’ is related to ‘H’?
(a) Uncle
(b) Father
(c) Brother
(d) Cousin
(e) none
Ho w ‘H’ is related to ‘D’?
(a) Sister
(b) Daughter
(c) Cousin
(d) Mother
(e) Father
D’s mother is?
(a) E
(b) A
(c) H
(d) F
(e) B
How is the father of F?
(a) G
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D
(e) Data insufficient
How is C’s father related to G’s daughter?
(a) Son
(b) Uncle
(c) Husband
(d) Father
(e) None