2. Analogy

Introduction:-
Analogy means ‘with respect to’ or ‘correspondence’.

Word analogy: In analogy tests a particular relationship is given and another similar relationship has to be identified from the alternatives provided.

Letter analogy: In this type, the relationship between two given set of letters is established and then applied to the other set to obtain the required set of letters as the answer.

Number analogy: The relationship between the given numbers is detected and then applied to the second part to find the missing numbers. The numbers can be odd or even or prime numbers; and the numbers can be addition, subtraction, multiplication and division between them.

EXERCISE

Directions: In the following questions, find the word which holds the same relation with the third word as there is between the first two word

1. ‘TRADE’ is related to ‘UQBCF’ in the same way as ‘PLATE’ is related to
   a) PQMBUF
   b) OMZUD
   c) QKBSF
   d) QKBUF
   e) None of these
   
2. Which of the following indicates similar relationship as LOWER has with WORLE?
   a) GLAZE : AGELZ
   b) AMONG : OMNAG
   c) WORDS : ROSWD
   d) ENTRY : RNYET
   e) None of these
   
3. kcaC : Cack : : XgmF : ?
   a) EmgF
   b) EgmX
   c) FmgX
   d) GmeF
   
4. Find the missing term from the given alternatives.
   MAD : JXA : : RUN : ?
   a) ORK
   b) OSQ
   c) PRJ
   d) UXQ
   
5. AZCX : BYDW : : HQJO : ?
   a) GREP
   b) IPKM
   c) IPKN
   d) GRJP
   
   Directions (6&7): Study the following information to answer the given questions: ‘FLOP’ is related to ‘OPFL’ and ‘SECOND’ is related to ‘ONDSEC’.
   
6. ‘MIXTURE’ is related to ___
   a) TUREMIX
   b) UREMIXT
   c) URETMIX
   d) cannot be determined
   e) None of these
   
7. ‘EXTREMES’ is related to ___
   a) EMESEXTR
   b) MESREEXT
   c) ESMETREX
   d) cannot be determined
   e) None of these
   
8. Select the related letters from the given alternatives. ABCD: WXYZ :: EFGH : ?
   a) STUV
   b) ZYXW
   c) VUTS
   d) WXZY
   
9. ‘DEAN’ is related to ‘NDAE’ and ‘ROAD’ is related to ‘DRAO’ in the same way as ‘SOME’ is related to ____?
   a) ESMO
   b) EOMS
   c) EMOS
   d) MSEO
   e) None of these
   
10. If LMN is to ZYX and EFG is to DCB, then RST is to _____
    a) WVU
    b) QPO
    c) KJI
    d) Cannot be determined
    e)None
    
11. Given set: (6, 15, 28)
    a) (50, 59, 71)
    b) (46, 56, 66)
    c) (60, 69, 72)
    d) (60, 69, 82)
    e) None of these
    
12. 21 : 3 :: 574 : ?
    a) 23
    b) 82
    c) 97
    d) 113
    e) None of these
    
13. 5 : 100, 4 : 64 : : 4 : 80, 3 : ?
    a) 26
    b) 48
    c) 54
    d) 60
    e) None of these
    
14. Which number is like the given set of numbers? Given set: (3, 17, 31)
    a) 5
    b) 15
    c) 45
    d) 49
    
15. 1, 2, 4, 7 : 3, 4, 6, 9 : : ? : 2, 3, 5, 8
    a) 0, 1, 3, 6
    b) 2, 4, 5, 8
    c) 1, 3, 4, 7
    d) 3, 5, 6, 8
    
16. 100 : 121 :: 144 : ?
    a) 160
    b) 93
    c) 169
    d) 426
    
17. 25: 625 :: 35 : ?
    a) 1575
    b) 1205
    c) 875
    d) 635
    
18. GREAT: 25 : : NUMBER : ?
    a) 36
    b) 38
    c) 27
    d) 24
    (e) None
    
19. Given set: (7, 27, 55)
    (1) (21, 35, 52)
    (2) (18, 42, 65)
    (3) (16, 40, 72)
    (4) (13, 30, 58)
    
20. Given set: (48, 84, 128)
    (1) (33, 65, 105)
    (2) (36, 70, 112)
    (3) (22, 52, 90)
    (4) (56, 96, 144)
    
21. ‘Sugarcane’ is related to ‘Juice’ in the same way as ‘Mustard’ is related to
    a) Field
    b) Oilseed
    c) Oil
    d) Mamre
    e) None of these
    
22. Bread is related to Wheat in the same way as Brick is related to….
    a) Clay
    b) Fire
    c) Cement
    d) Building
    e) None of these
    
23. ‘Steel’ is related to ‘Alloy’ in the same way as ‘Zinc’ is related to
    a) Non – metal
    b) Halogen
    c) Alloy
    d) Salt
    e) None of these
    
24. Part is related to Whole in the same way as Arc is related to ………
    a) Trapezium
    b) Circle
    c) Triangle
    d) Square
    e) None of these
    
25. Needle is related to Thread in the same way as Pen is related to ……......
    a) Ink
    b) Cap
    c) Paper
    d) Word
    
26. Bouquet is related to Flowers in the same way as Sentence is related to …..?......
    a) Construction
    b) Words
    c) Letters
    d) Paragraph
    
27. ‘Doctor’ is related to ‘Patient’ in the same way as ‘Lawyer’ is related to
    a) Customer
    b) Criminal
    c) Magistrate
    d) Client
    
28. ‘Flower’ is related to ‘Petal’ in the same way as ‘Book’ is related to
    a) Pages
    b) Content
    c) Author
    d) Library
    e) None of these
    
29. ‘Mustard’ is related to ‘Seed’ in the same way as ’Carrot' is related to ____?
    a) Fruit
    b) Stem
    c) Flower
    d) Root
    e) None of these
    
30. ‘Gram’ is related to ‘Mass’ in the same way as ‘Centimeter’ is related to?
    a) Area
    b) Volume
    c) Length
    d) Sound
    e) Energy
    
31. Cobbler: Leather:: Carpenter : ?
    a) Furniture
    b) Wood
    c) Hammer
    d) Chair
    e) None of these
    
32. Bird: Fly :: Snake : ?
    a) Timid
    b) Clatter
    c) Crawl
    d) Hole
    e) None of these
    
33. Scribble : Write :: Stammer : ?
    a) Walk
    b) Play
    c) Speak
    d) Dance
    e) None of these
    
34. Snake: Fang :: Bee : ?
    a) Honey
    b) Humming
    c) Wax
    d) Sting
    e) None of these
    
35. Thermometer: Temperature
    a) Length: Breadth
    b) Millimeter: Scale
    c) Cardiograph: Heart rate
    d) Solar energy: Sun
    e) None of these
    
36. Class : School : Student
    a) Ball : Bat : Pitch
    b) Sister : Family : Brother
    c) Hand : Body : Finger
    d) Leaf : Tree : Root
    e) None of these
    
37. Iron : Silver : Gold
    a) Parents : Father : Mother
    b) Wheat : Barely : Cereal
    c) Tree : Branch : Fruit
    d) Deer : Lion : Wolf
    e) None of these
    
38. Select the best alternative Command: Order : : Confusion : ?
    a) Discipline
    b) Clarity
    c) Chaos
    d) Problem
    
39. Choose the best alternative Dark : Fear : : Honesty : ?
    a) Personality
    b) Money
    c) Treachery
    d) Trust
    
40. Darkness : Lamp
    a) Fatigue: Exercise
    b) Thirst: Water
    c) Medicine: Illness
    d) Study: classroom
    
41. Which of the following has the same relationship as that of Money: Wealth?
    a) Pity: Kindness
    b) Cruel: Anger
    c) Wise: Education
    d) Pride: Humility
    e) None of these
    
42. Which of the following pairs of words have the same relationship as FAN: HEAT?
    a) Water: Drink
    b) Light: Night
    c) Teach: Student
    d) Air: Breathe
    e) Food: Hunger
    
43. Coconut: Shell :: Letter :
    a) Mail
    b) Letter-box
    c) Stamp
    d) Envelope
    
    Directions (44-47): Match the questions given below with (1), (2), (3) and (4) on the basis of relationship among items. The items may not be in the same order.
    
44. Face : Nose : Mouth
    a) Beverage : Coffee : Tea
    b) Oak : Pine : Eucalyptus
    c) Mountain : Snow: Forest
    d) Accident: Injury: Pain
    
45. Evaporation : Cloud : Rain
    a) Beverage : Coffee : Tea
    b) Oak : Pine : Eucalyptus
    c) Mountain : Snow: Forest
    d) Accident: Injury: Pain
    
46. Physics : Chemistry : Botany
    a) Beverage : Coffee : Tea
    b) Oak : Pine : Eucalyptus
    c) Mountain : Snow: Forest
    d) Accident: Injury: Pain
    
47. Insect: Mosquito : Flies
    a) Beverage : Coffee : Tea
    b) Oak : Pine : Eucalyptus
    c) Mountain : Snow: Forest
    d) Accident: Injury: Pain
    
48. Influenza : Virus :: Typhoid:?
    a) Bacillus
    b) Parasite
    c) Protozoa
    d) Bacteria
    
49. Two items or words bear a particular relation with each other. Third item bears the same relation (which first and the second bear) with one of the answer choices. The candidates are to pick up that word or item.
    Degree Relationship
    Warm: Hot::
    a) Glue: Paste
    b) Bright: Genius
    c) Climate: Weather
    d) Leaders: People
    
50. Telephone : Ring ::
    a) Door: Knock
    b) Gate : Open
    c) Door: Wood
    d) Lock : Key
    e) None of these
    
51. Deterioration : : Rust: :
    a) Recession: Inefficiency
    b) Depression: Unemployment
    c) Promulgation: Legislation
    d) Iron: Water
    e) None of these
    
52. Dinosaur : Dragon ::
    a) Evolution: Revelation
    b) Gorilla: Soldier
    c) Snow : Ice
    d) Primeval: Medieval
    e) None of these
    
53. Condone : Offence : :
    a) Overlook: Aberration
    b) Error: Omission
    c) Mitigate: Penitence
    d) Conviction: Criminal
    e) None of these
    
54. Shoe : Leather : :
    a) Bus: Conductor
    b) Train: Wagon
    c) Highway: Asphalt
    d) Medicine: Doctor
    e) None of these
    
    Directions (55-57): Each of these questions consists of a pair of words. Establish the relationship among the given pair and identify the pair that best illustrates a similar relationship from amongst the alternatives.
    
55. Kick: Football
    a) Mop: Sweep
    b) Dust: Rage
    c) Wash: Dishes
    d) Throw: Ring
    e) None of these
    
56. Rectangle: Pentagon
    a) Triangle: Rectangle
    b) Diagonal: Perimeter
    c) Side: Angle
    d) Circle: Square
    e) None of these
    
57. Inherit: Acquire
    a) Instinct: Habit
    b) Learn: Discover
    c) Loss: Gain
    d) Hierarchical: Succession
    e) None of these
    
    Directions (58-60): Each of these questions consists of a pair of words bearing a certain relationship. "From amongst the given alternatives, pick up the pair that best illustrates a similar relationship.
    
58. Coal: Thermal
    a) Power: Energy
    b) Bulb : Light
    c) Air: Atmosphere
    d) Water : Hydel
    e) None of these
    
59. Relaxation: Work
    a) Play: Cheat
    b) Lunch: Dinner
    c) Smile: Laugh
    d) Fresh: Stale
    e) None of these
    
60. Court: Justice
    a) Police: Crime
    b) Teacher: Study
    c) Doctor: Sickness
    d) Auditor: Accuracy
    e) None of these

Answer Key
1	c	11	d	21	c	31	b	41	a	51	b
2	c	12	b	22	a	32	c	42	e	52	c
3	c	13	b	23	e	33	c	43	d	53	a
4	a	14	a	24	b	34	d	44	c	54	b
5	c	15	a	25	a	35	c	45	d	55	d
6	c	16	c	26	b	36	c	46	b	56	a
7	a	17	c	27	d	37	d	47	a	57	a
8	a	18	a	28	a	38	c	48	d	58	d
9	a	19	c	29	d	39	d	49	b	59	d
10	b	20	b	30	c	40	b	50	a	60	b